Exam 2

Question 1

photon

Answer 1

particle of light

Question 2

orbital

Answer 2

the region around the nucleus where electrons can be located

Question 3

frequency

Answer 3

a term describing light which is directly proportional to energy

Question 4

Mass number

Answer 4

the number representing the number of protons and neutrons

Question 5

principle quantum number symbol
(what does it describe)

Answer 5

n (energy of an orbital)

Question 6

angular momentum symbol
(what does it describe)
(what values can it have)

Answer 6

ℓ (orbital shape)
ℓ = 0 = s orbital
ℓ = 1 = p orbital
ℓ = 2 = d orbital
ℓ = 3 = f orbital
values: 0 to n-1

Question 7

magnetic quantum number symbol
(what does it describe)

Answer 7

Mₗ (orientation of an orbital)
can have values from -ℓ to ℓ

Question 8

spin quantum number symbol

Answer 8

Mₛ (spin of an electron)
two electrons occupy an orbital, one gets the value -1/2 and the other gets 1/2

Question 9

how many electrons can a single orbital contain

Answer 9

2

Question 10

what are possible values of ℓ when n = 3

Answer 10

0,1,2

Question 11

how many electrons in a s orbital

Answer 11

2

Question 12

how many electrons in a p orbital

Answer 12

6

Question 13

how many electrons in a d orbital

Answer 13

10

Question 14

how many electrons in a f orbital

Answer 14

14

Question 15

if n = 3, what is the value of ℓ and what orbitals does it contain?

Answer 15

ℓ = 0,1,2
orbitals = s,p,d

Question 16

electron configuration for cobalt (Co)

Answer 16

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁷

Question 17

atomic radius trend (on the periodic table)

Answer 17

increases down and to the left

Question 18

metals only have a ______ charge

Answer 18

positive

Question 19

chemical reaction representing the ionization energy for a chlorine atom

Answer 19

Cl → Cl⁺¹ + e⁻

Question 20

chemical reaction representing the electron affinity for a chlorine atom

Answer 20

Cl + e⁻ → Cl⁻¹

Question 21

Ionization energy (IE)

Answer 21

the energy needed to remove an electron from an atom

Question 22

Electron affinity (EA)

Answer 22

energy absorbed or released when an atom gains an electron

Question 23

Ionization energy is always ________

Answer 23

positive

Question 24

• electron affinity energy is positive when __________
• energy is negative when ___________

Answer 24

• The energy is negative when the atom really wants the electron to become stable
• the energy is positive when the atom does not want the electron because it is already somewhat stable
• if the electron has a strong pull for or away, the energy will be high. if the pull is not as strong, the energy will be low

Question 25

Ionization energy and electron affinity trend

Answer 25

increases up and to the right (generally)

Question 26

𝜈 =

Answer 26

frequency (𝜈 = 1/λ)

Question 27

λ

Answer 27

(lamda) wavelength