Exam 1 Review

Question 1

tell the difference between a corporation and organization

Answer 1

• An organization is a group of people working to achieve a specific purpose
• A corporation is a large company authorized to act as a single entity and recognized as such in law. A corporation is a type of organization

Question 2

Pro’s & Cons’s of a Bureaucracy

Answer 2

• Pros: can be efficient and effective for the organization

- Cons: can slow things down, less face-to-face communication

Question 3

Global outsourcing (offshoring)

Answer 3

getting a supplier outside of the U.S.

Question 4

Importing

Answer 4

getting goods from another country

Question 5

Exporting

Answer 5

sending goods to another country

Question 6

Countertrading

Answer 6

bartering for goods (ex: we send wheat and corn to Russia and they send us stuff)

Question 7

Licensing

Answer 7

a foreign company pays a fee to distribute your products

Question 8

Franchising

Answer 8

a foreign company pays a fee to sell your products, and they get a share of the profits

Question 9

Joint ventures

Answer 9

strategic allies

Question 10

Wholly-owned subsidiaries

Answer 10

totally owned and controlled by an org

“greenfield venture” = started from scratch

Question 11

various ways a company can demonstrate corporate social responsibility

Answer 11

o Philanthropic responsibility
o Ethical responsibility
o Legal responsibility
o Economic responsibility

Question 12

Theory X

Answer 12

Pessimistic, negative view of workers. Workers are irresponsible, resistant to change, lack ambition, hate work, and want to be led

Question 13

Theory Y

Answer 13

Represents an optimistic, positive view of workers. Workers are capable of accepting responsibility, self-direction, self-control, and being creative

Question 14

Classical viewpoint

Answer 14

o Manage work more efficiently
o Scientific: use scientific study of work methods to improve productivity (Taylor and Gilbreth)
o Administration: managing the total organization (Fayol & Weber)

Question 15

Preconventional

Answer 15

follows rules to avoid consequences

Question 16

Conventional

Answer 16

follows expectations of others

Question 17

Post conventional

Answer 17

leads by example

Question 18

What constitutes a “Learning Organization”

Answer 18

Actively creates, acquires and transfers knowledge within itself and is able to modify its behavior to reflect new knowledge
Encouraged to share info with each other both inside and out so they can learn

Question 19

WTO

Answer 19

designed to monitor and enforce trade agreements, consists of 164 countries

Question 20

GATT

Answer 20

general agreement on tariffs and trade signed in 1947 by 23 nations

Question 21

Ethnocentric

Answer 21

your country, culture, and language are superior

Question 22

Polycentric

Answer 22

you think the native managers in the foreign office best understand personnel and practices

Question 23

Geocentric

Answer 23

you recognize there are differences and similarities and they should use whatever works best for the org

Question 24

Low context culture

Answer 24

written and spoken words

Question 25

high context culture

Answer 25

situational cues

Question 26

Macro vs. Micro

Answer 26

Macro is the six outside forces, micro is the task environment

Question 27

Internal stakeholders

Answer 27

employees, board of directors, owners

Question 28

external stakeholders

Answer 28

task and general environment

Question 29

task environment

Answer 29

daily task stuff

Question 30

general environment

Answer 30

political-legal, demographic, international, technological, sociocultural, economic

Question 31

inputs

Answer 31

the people, $, info, equipment, and materials required to produce an organization’s goods or services

Question 32

transformational processes

Answer 32

organization’s capabilities in management and technology that are applied to converting inputs into outputs

Question 33

outputs

Answer 33

the products, services, profits, losses, employee satisfaction or discontent produced by the org

Question 34

feedback

Answer 34

information about the reaction of the environment to the outputs, which affects the inputs

Question 35

efficient

Answer 35

using resources wisely and cost-effectively

Question 36

effective

Answer 36

achieve results, make the right decisions, and successfully carry them out to achieve the org’s goals

Question 37

uncertainty avoidance

Answer 37

extent to which a society relies on social normals to alleviate the uncertainty of future events

Question 38

power distance

Answer 38

how much society’s members expect power to be unequally shared

Question 39

taylor

Answer 39

scientifically study each part, select workers with right abilities, give training

Question 40

gilbreths

Answer 40

identified 17 basic motions and apply them to determine if task could be done more efficiently

Question 41

interpersonal role

Answer 41

interact inside and outside org

Question 42

informational

Answer 42

receive and communicate information inside and outside org

Question 43

decisional

Answer 43

use information to make decisions or solve problems or take advantage of opportunities

Question 44

historical viewpoints

Answer 44

classical, behavioral, quantitative

Question 45

contemporary viewpoints

Answer 45

systems, contingency, and quality management

Question 46

classical

Answer 46

scientific and administrative

Question 47

behavioral

Answer 47

early behaviorists, HR movement, behavioral science

Question 48

quality

Answer 48

quality assurance, quality control, TQM

Question 49

Value and ways to protect a whistle-blower

Answer 49

First amendment, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, IRS

Question 50

Types of competitive advantage

Answer 50

o Innovation
o Customer satisfaction (being responsive)
o Quality
o Efficiency