EXAM #1: OMM IN CARDIOLOGY Flashcards
What vertebral levels correspond to the heart?
T1-T5
What is the effect of the SNS on blood vessels, heart, and coronary arteries?
BV= constriction (minus skeletal)
Heart= increases rate and contractility
Coronary arteries= dilate
What are the effects of increased sympathetic tone in a disease state?
- Vasoconstriction
- Thickened secretions
- Drainage
How does lymphatic congestion present?
Boggy/spongy palpatory findings that are uncomfortable for the patient
What is proper motion of the lymphatics contingent on?
Contractions of the diaphragm
What is the outcome of a flattened diaphragm?
- Decreased volume/pressure gradient
- Decreased lymphatic drainage
Reduced CO
What types of dysfunctions may lead to cardiac compromise?
Cranial
Cervical
Throacic
What thoracic levels are associated with cardiac compromise?
T1-T5
Note that SNS ganglia are in close relationship with the rib heads?
What cervical levels are associated with cardiac compromise?
C2,3, 6, 7
What cranial areas are associated with cardiac compromise?
Occiput
Temporal
What is a somato-visceral type reflex?
Pain stimulating SNS
*Tachycardia and increased oxygen demand
What is a viscero-somatic reflex?
Stimulation of visceral pain causes pain in somatic distribution
What node does the left vagus innervate?
AV node
What node does the right vagus innervate and SNS?
SA node
What is the outcome of left vagus under and overactivation?
Under=
1) Ectopic foci
2) V-fib
Over= AV Block
What is the outcome of SNS overactivation?
SVT
What does increased right vagal tone cause?
Sinus brady arrhythmia
What is the result of increased vagal tone on coronary arteries?
Vasoconstriction
Where do the heart and lungs drain into the lymphatic system?
Thoracic duct
What are the three most important diaphragms for proper lymph flow?
1) Thoracic inlet
2) Throacoabdominal
3) Pelvic/UG
List the SDs that can lead to cardiac dysfunction.
- OA and lower cervical (PNS and SNS)
- Thoracic Inlet
- Rib dysfunctions (SNS)
- Flattened thoracic kyphosis
- Abnormal gait
What degree of scoliosis is associated with impaired respiratory and cardiovascular function?
Respiratory= 50 Cardiovascular= 75
Where can there be SDs that are related to essential HTN?
T10-12
Levels are related to the kidneys
