EXAM 1 OFFICIAL Flashcards
**3 conditions for entering settling with power
multiple choice questions
vertical or near vertical descent rate of at lease 300 FPM
the engine must be using 20-100% power
speed less than ETL
**2 initial physical responses to settling with power:
increase airspeed with cyclic (fwd)
reduce collective pitch as attitude permits
**autorotation (definition)
an event in which no engine power is supplies, main rotor is driven by the relative wind only
**3 conditions for onset of dynamic rollover: (in order)
establish a pivot point, initiate a rolling motion, exceeding the critical angle
**2 Factors that effect dynamic rollover
human and physical
**what is the recommended action at the onset of dynamic rollover?
smooth and moderate collective reduction
**primary cause of retreating blade stall:
excessive airspeed
**what are the 2 symptoms of a retreating blade stall?
pitch up of the nose followed by a roll to the left
**what are the 2 initial responses for a retreating blade stall?
reduce collective pitch
regain control of the aircraft
military TAF is valid for how many hours?
30
9999 is what type of visibility
greater than 7 statute miles
ceiling definition
lowest layer aloft which is reported broken or overcast when skies are considered totally obscured
3 weather proximity stations and distances
OS- on station, center of runway to 5 miles
VC- in vicinity of 5-10 miles
DSNT- Distant, greater than 10 miles
terms for unlimited visibility
sky clear/ clear skies (CLR)
terms for layers (sky coverage not considered ceiling)
scattered/ few
terms for ceilings
broken/ overcast
When is VV used in sky coverage reporting
Vertical visibility is used when the skies are considered totally obscured (TO)
**in IMC conditions, if the static system dumps, what should your first physical action be?
(may be write in)
activate alternate static source
which instrument does the pitot tube connect to?
airspeed indicator
view altimeters barometric pressure through:
the kollsman window
freezing level on standard air and PA day
7500 feet
lag delay when you level off with ISVI
0 seconds
which instruments would static system failure affect?
all 3 (airspeed indicator, altimeter, vertical speed indicator)
how does induced flow move?
vertically downward
rotor blade coning is a compromise between what forces?
lift and centrifugal force
relationship of total forces to a tip path place
perpendicular
2 conditions for attailain ETL
horizontal flight of hovering in a headwind
ETL speed range
16-24KIAS
3 ways to compensate for tail rotor thrust (translating tendency)
left cyclic, tilt mast, left cyclic input by pilot
speed for transverse flow effect
10-20kts
4 causes of excessive coning (also retreating blade stall)
low RPM, high GWT, high G maneuvers, turbulent air
only way to diminish the effects induced flow
increase forward airspeed
what is the dominant force in the rotor system
centrifugal force. provides rigidity by taking the gravitational droop out of the blades
pressure and temperature at MSL / standard lapse rate
29.92Hg and 15 degrees Clapse rate is 1’ per 1000 ft, 2 degrees
what 2 pressures affect systems?
static and dynamic pressure
how does total force act in relation to tip path place?
perpendicular
two components of total force
a. vertical acts as lift which opposes weight
b. horizontal acts as thrust which opposes drag
2 conditions of flight
balanced and unbalanced
how do pilots control blowback?
forward airspeed
purpose of the kollsman window
to correct barometric pressure changes
pressure altitude
height above standard datum plane
absolute altitude
hight above surface terrain or ground
max mechanical altimeter error
plus or minus 75 ft
calibrated airspeed (def)
indicated airspeed corrected for instrument
indicated airspeed (def)
airspeed indicated on instrument, uncorrected
aviators can ensure accuracy of any altimeter by regularly obtaining what along route?
current altimeter setting
which of newton =s laws relates to takeoff to a hover
action/reaction (3)
rotational relative wind
parallel and opposite to the direction of the airfoil
what is resultant relative wind
rotational relative wind modified by induced flow
