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Animal Welfare and Behavior > Exam 1: More General Concepts and Assessment > Flashcards

Exam 1: More General Concepts and Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Why have welfare assessments

A

Meet standards of care

Animals are sentient

Goal is to be functioning and feeling well

Prevent “bad” becoming normal

Promote good welfare

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2
Q

Different frameworks to think about welfare (6)

A

Dawkins: health and wants

Continuum: poor to excellent

Three circles

Five freedoms

Five welfare needs

Five welfare domains

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3
Q

The 5 freedoms

A

Freedom from hunger and thirst

Freedom from discomfort

Freedom from pain, injury, and disease

Freedom to express normal behavior

Freedom from fear and distress

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4
Q

The five freedoms and the three circles

A

Overlap between the circle and which freedoms represent them

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5
Q

Freedoms in the Functioning circle

A

Freedom from hunger and thirst

Freedom from discomfort

Freedom from pain, injury, and disease

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6
Q

Freedoms in the Affective State circle

A

Freedom from hunger and thirst

Freedom from discomfort

Freedom from pain, injury, and disease

Freedom to express normal behavior

Freedom from fear and distress

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7
Q

Freedoms in the Natural Living circle

A

Freedom to express normal behavior

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8
Q

Problems with the 5 freedoms

A

Conflicting ideals

Illogical

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9
Q

5 freedoms - conflicting ideals

A

Providing one freedom may conflict with another freedom

Freedom from disease - animal needs treatment and is scared and distressed during handling –> animal does not have freedom from discomfort nor freedom from fear and distress

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10
Q

5 freedoms - illogical

A

Nothing can be completely controlled

There is always the possibility that an animal will not have one of the freedoms

Freedom from fear and distress –> have to encounter humans

Freedom from disease –> always pathogens around

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11
Q

Is wellbeing only the absence of negatives

A

No, also need presence of positives

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12
Q

Behaviors that indicate positive experience

A

Play

Affiliative behaviors (social grooming)

Anticipatory behavior

Species dependent actions (tail wags, barks, etc.)

Exploratory

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13
Q

Why is it an issue that there are problems with the 5 freedoms

A

If not achievable –> people ignore them

Claims do not equal reality –> limited adherence

Absence of bad does not equal good quality of life

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14
Q

The five welfare needs

A

Need for a suitable environment

Needs for a suitable diet

Need to be able to exhibit normal behavior patterns

Need to be housed with, or apart from, other animals

Need to be protected from pain, suffering, injury, and disease

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15
Q

The five welfare domains

A

Nutrition

Environment

Health

Behavior

Mental state

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16
Q

What is emphasized in the 5 welfare domains

A

Mental state

For every physical aspect affected there is an accompanying affective state

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17
Q

What are welfare inputs

A

Resource based

Management resources
Environment resources
Animal resources

18
Q

Inputs: management resources

A

How much time someone has to care for animals

How trained the people are

Person to animal ratio

19
Q

Inputs: environment resources

A

Housing

Nutrition

Vaccines

Treatments

20
Q

Inputs: animal resources

A

Genetics

Past or early experiences

Fear thresholds

Social structures

21
Q

What are welfare outputs

A

Animal based

Disease
Behavior
Physiology

22
Q

Outputs: disease

A

Clinical signs

Illness

Body weight

BCS

Production measures

23
Q

Outputs: behavior

A

Amount of time animal is performing an activity

Presence of normal or abnormal behaviors

Number of animals engaged in an activity

24
Q

Outputs: physiology

A

Heart rate

Cortisol levels

Blood flow

25
Q

How are inputs and outputs related

A

Welfare inputs affect welfare outputs

An animals management, environment, and the animal itself affects the health, behavior, and physiology of the animal

26
Q

Organizations that do welfare assessment schemes

A

Assurewel.org

Welfare Quality Network

WSAVA Welfare Guidelines

C-BARQ, CHEW, QoL

27
Q

Why do most livestock production industries have animal care guidelines

A

In response to consumer concerns

28
Q

Definition of welfare standard

A

Minimum measurable species specific management criteria at which animals raised

29
Q

Definition of assurance

A

Positive declaration intended to give confidence

30
Q

Definition of quality assurance

A

Method of maintaining a certain level of quality or preventing defects to provide accurate confidence that an entity will fulfill requirements for quality

31
Q

Definition of guideline

A

Document that contains recommended info on how to perform different procedures, treatments, etc.

32
Q

Definition of certification

A

Action or process of providing an official document attesting to a status or level of achievement

33
Q

Definition of assessment/certification program

A

assessment conducted by a 2nd or 3rd party of how animals are managed in terms of welfare guidelines and standards set using an organization’s audit tool

34
Q

Definition of 2nd party

A

A person or group affiliated with a company that is affected by the outcomes of company actions

Biased

35
Q

Definition of 3rd party

A

A person or organization independent of consumer-supplier relationship

No conflict of interest

36
Q

Definition of stakeholder

A

A person or organization with an investment, interest, concern in business

37
Q

Definition of audit

A

Official inspection of an animal production-related facility, typically by an independent body

38
Q

Definition of audit tool

A

The document of written standards that the inspector uses to perform the audit

39
Q

Definition of external audit

A

An audit performed by 2nd and 3rd parties

3rd party ideal because less biased

40
Q

Definition of internal audit

A

An audit conducted by employees of the company being audited

Biased

Animal Welfare and Behavior (13 decks)

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