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Animal Welfare and Behavior > Exam 1: Introduction and History > Flashcards

Exam 1: Introduction and History Flashcards

1
Q

Added to Vet Oath

A

Protection of animal welfare

Prevention of animal suffering

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2
Q

Genetic welfare problems in companion animals

A

Bad breeding

Example - smushed faced breeds

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3
Q

Risks of not addressing public concern (4)

A

Accusations of overtreatment

Weak morality

Complicit in animal welfare problems

Unjustifiable profiteering; “Just in it for the money”; Questionable ties - “in cahoots”

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4
Q

Proximate solutions

A

Solutions for right now

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5
Q

Ultimate soultions

A

To fix the overall problem

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6
Q

Animal welfare in vet med (9)

A

Behavioral needs

Good health needs

Quality of life

Pain and euthanasia

Neglect and cruelty

Transportation and slaughter

One health initiative

Infectious diseases

Ethics of animals bred for certain unhealthy traits

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7
Q

What is the reporting obligation in NY

A

Voluntary reporting, immune form liability

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8
Q

What is mandated reporting

A

Must report suspected animal cruelty to the proper authorities

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9
Q

Client focused

A

Make decisions (clinical or welfare) in order to further protect the interests of clients

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10
Q

Vet focused

A

Make decisions in order to further or protect our own interests

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11
Q

Animal (welfare) focused

A

Make recommendations based on what is in best interest of the animal’s welfare

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12
Q

Pythagoras and others

A

500 - 300 BCE

People are similar to animals so we shouldn’t eat them

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13
Q

Stoics

A

Animal’s aren’t rational so don’t need to worry about if treating them fairly

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14
Q

Plutarch

A

Animal’s may not be rational, but should still be kind to them

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15
Q

Porphyry

A

250 ACE

Animal’s deserve moral considerations because they can feel distress

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16
Q

First formal animal protections law

A

1822

Passed by British

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17
Q

RSPCA

A

Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

1824

Oldest animal welfare charity in the world

18
Q

“The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals”

A

Darwin

1872

How do animals express emotions including suffering

His dog’s sadness alleviated by a walk

19
Q

Pain in US 1860s

A

Many human procedures performed without anesthesia

Only whites, women, and the wealthy though to feel pain

So animals?

20
Q

“Be Kind to Animals”

A

Dr. William Key - former slave, self taught vet

late 1800s - early 1900s

“Beautiful Jim” - horse

Taught Beautiful Jim to read, spell, tell time, math

Used only patience and kindness

Never used a whip

21
Q

Humane Methods of Slaughter Act (US)

A

1958

Animal must be completely sedated and insensible to pain at slaughter

Only federal legislation “protecting” farmed animals

Poultry exempt

22
Q

The three Rs

A

1950s - 1960s

Replacement - alternatives to animal use

Refinement - minimize animal’s pain and distress by improving techniques

Reduction - reduce number of animals used

23
Q

Ruth Harrison

A

1964

“Animal Machines” - modern intensive farming practices in Great Britain

24
Q

Brambell Report

A

Brambell committee (UK)

Addressed Harrison’s concerns of welfare in farmed animals

Animal welfare science

Farm Animal Welfare Committee (UK) created

Brambell’s 5 freedoms

25
Q

Public concern in the 1960s

A

Pepper the dog stolen from family and sold to experiment

Life magazine - “Concentration camp for dogs”

26
Q

Laboratory Animal Welfare Act (US)

A

1966

First federal US law regarding animals used for research

Minimum standards of care and housing

Dealers licensed and labs registered

IDs for dogs and cats to prevent theft

27
Q

What happened to Lab animal welfare act in 1970

A

Renamed to Animal Welfare Act (US)

28
Q

Peter Singer

A

1975

“Animal Liberation”

Interests of animals should be considered because of their ability to experience suffering

“Speciesism”

29
Q

Bernie Rollin

A

1978

First veterinary ethics course

30
Q

The 5 freedoms

A
  1. Freedom from hunger and thirst
  2. Freedom from discomfort
  3. Freedom from pain, injury, and disease
  4. Freedom to express normal behavior
  5. Freedom from fear and distress
31
Q

Pain in the 1980s

A

Chemical restraint and sedation - no pain control

32
Q

Animal welfare act (US)

A

Multiple amendments

1985 - Acknowledges distress in animals

Food security act’s Improved Standards for Laboratory Animals Act (ISLAA)

Pain control considered in vet med

33
Q

Telos

A

Bernard Rollin

Pigness of a pig
Dogness of a dog

34
Q

Temple Grandin

A

1990s

Report about visual distractions and stress in handling animals - slaughter and production

Developed restraining system for cattle at slaughter - calmness

Objective scoring system to assess welfare during handling and at slaughterhouses

“Animals are not things”

35
Q

Amendment to US AWA 2002

A

Changed definition of “animal” to specifically exclude birds, rats, and mice bred for use in research

36
Q

Which country is only country to not include rats, mice, and birds within animal welfare laws and regulations

A

USA

37
Q

UK Animal Welfare Act

A

2006

Modified 5 freedoms –> to 5 animal welfare needs

38
Q

5 Animal Welfare Needs

A
  1. Need for suitable environment
  2. Need for suitable diet and nutrition
  3. Need to be able to exhibit normal behavior patterns
  4. Need to be housed with, or apart from, other animals
  5. Need to be protected from pain, suffering, injury, disease
39
Q

Ag Gag Laws

A

2011

Can’t report cruelty/unethical things on farms without being criminalized

Only a few states have Ag Gag laws

40
Q

2010 update on vet oath

A

Updated to include:

Protection of animal welfare
Prevention of animal suffering

41
Q

First global animal welfare strategy

A

2017

OIE

Development of international animal welfare standards

Enhancement of capacity building and training of veterinary services: as key players in animal welfare issues

Communication with governments, national and international organizations, and the public to raise awareness on animal welfare

Animal Welfare and Behavior (13 decks)

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