Exam 1: Canine Behavior

Question 1

Who should be first to evaluate dog/cat presented for behavior problems

Answer 1

Veterinarian

Diagnostics should include medical exam

Question 2

Face - relaxed

Answer 2

Soft

Loose expression

Question 3

Face - stressed

Answer 3

Skin taunt

Wrinkled brow

Lips pulled back

Tense jaw

Question 4

Eyes - relaxed

Answer 4

Almond shaped

Normal pupils

Soft eye

Squinty

Question 5

Eyes - stressed

Answer 5

Dilated pupils

Prolonged staring or avoiding eye contact

Whale eye

Hard eyes

Threatening gaze

Question 6

Ears - relaxed

Answer 6

Neutral

Back but not flattened

Loose

Question 7

Ears - stressed

Answer 7

Out to side

Flat against head

Question 8

Spine/posture - relaxed

Answer 8

Flexible neck to tail

Question 9

Spine/posture - stressed

Answer 9

Rigid

Stiff

Question 10

Tail - relaxed

Answer 10

Level with topline

Slightly above or below

Wagging

Question 11

Tail - stressed

Answer 11

High above topline

Tucked

Wagging

Question 12

Mouth - relaxed

Answer 12

Mouth open or closed

Lips - long, soft

Commissures relaxed

Question 13

Mouth - stressed

Answer 13

Mouth closed

Lips - short, tense

Snarl

Lip lift

Bite

Question 14

Barking

Answer 14

High arousal

Solicit support

Alert others

Seek attention

Warning signals

Question 15

High pitched bark

Answer 15

Excitement
Fear
Attention seeking
Frustration

Question 16

Low pitched bark

Answer 16

Warning
Territorial defense
Guarding

Question 17

Hackles

Answer 17

When up - state of arousal

Can happen when playing

Intense emotional state

Question 18

Wagging tail

Answer 18

Happens when dog is aroused

Does not mean dog is friendly

Question 19

High flagged tail

Answer 19

Highest arousal

Question 20

Freezing tail

Answer 20

Warning sign of aggression

Question 21

Tucked under tail

Answer 21

Fear
Appeasement
Leave me alone

Question 22

Neutral/relaxed dog

Answer 22

Ears up (not forward)

Head high

Mouth open slightly, tongue exposed

Loose stance, weight flat on feet

Tail down and relaxed

Question 23

Alert/attentive dog

Answer 23

Eyes wide

Smooth nose and forehead

Mouth closed

Slight forward lean, standing tall on toes

Ears forward (may twitch)

Tail horizontal (not stiff or bristled)

Tail may move slightly from side to side

Question 24

Playful dog

Answer 24

Tail up, may broadly wave

Ears up

Pupils dilated

Mouth open, tongue may be exposed

Front end lowered by bent forepaws

“Play bow”

Question 25

Belly up - 3 types

Answer 25

Distance increasing signal Distance decreasing signal Very confident dog

Question 26

Belly up - distance increasing

Answer 26

Lack of confidence Appeasement behavior Fearful Tail tucked, tense, unsure

Question 27

Belly up - distance decreasing

Answer 27

Rub my belly Dog relaxed and asking for rub Loose, mouth open, curved, no tension, soft eyes

Question 28

Belly up - very confident

Answer 28

Occasional May roll to evade handling, but not fearful or defensive May be very assertive Do not stand over such a dog

Question 29

Active appeasement dog

Answer 29

Forehead smooth Eye contact brief and indirect Licks at face of other dog Corner of mouth back Paw raised Body lowered

Question 30

Passive appeasement dog

Answer 30

Head turned to avoid direct eye contact Eyes partly closed Nose and forehead smooth Corner of mouth back Rolls onto back exposing throat and stomach Tail tucked

Question 31

Stress/anxiety dog

Answer 31

Body lowered Tail down Ears back Pupils dilated Rapid panting with corner of mouth back

Question 32

Displacement behaviors

Answer 32

Normal behaviors that occur out of context for given situation Usually result of anxiety, uneasiness, frustration, stress "Calming signals" Distance increasing - avoid conflict

Question 33

Examples of displacement behaviors

Answer 33

``` Yawn Shaking off Lip lick Blink Scratch Paw lift Grooming out of context ```

Question 34

Avoidance behaviors examples

Answer 34

Averting eyes/gaze, avoiding visual contact Turning head away, turning whole body away Crouching, moving back/away Trying to escape Hiding behind objects/people Backing up with paw up

Question 35

Fear/defensive aggression dog

Answer 35

Body lowered Hackles raised Tail tucked Ears back Pupils dilated Nose wrinkled Lips slightly curled

Question 36

Defensive grin

Answer 36

Commissures back with cheek teeth exposed Ears back, dilated pupils, whale eye

Question 37

Offensive pucker

Answer 37

Commissures forward, showing only front teeth Ears forward, Dilated pupils, hard and direct stare

Question 38

Offensive threat/aggression dog

Answer 38

Tail raised and bristled and stiff Hackles raised Ears forward Forehead may show vertical wrinkles Nose wrinkled, lips curled Teeth visible Mouth open and C-shaped Stiff legged stance, leaning slightly forward

Question 39

Canine ladder of aggression

Answer 39

1. Blinks, yawns, licks nose 2. Turns head away 3. Turns body away, sits, paws 4. Walks away 5. Creeps, ears back 6. Stands crouched, tucks tail under 7. Lies down, leg up 8. Stiffens, stares 9. Growls 10. Snaps 11. Bites

Question 40

What is one of first behaviors to stop when stressed, ill, poor welfare

Answer 40

Play

Question 41

Normal dog behaviors they need

Answer 41

``` Play Touching Social contact Chewing Physical exercise ```