Exam 1 lecture 7

Question 1

what is PD

Answer 1

peritoneal dialysis

Question 2

types of peritoneal dialysis

Answer 2

CAPD- continous ambulatory PD
CCPD- continous cyclic PD
NIPD- nocturnal intermittent PD
NTPD- nocturnal tidal PD

Question 3

filtration methods for patients that can not do dialysis

Answer 3

CAVH- continous aretriovenous hemofiltration
CVVH- continous venous hemofiltration
CVVHD- continous venous hemodilfiltration

Question 4

what is ultrafiltrate

Answer 4

waste

Question 5

What can kidney do that dialysis machine can not

Answer 5

Vit D and EPO activation

Question 6

general rule to initiate hemodialysis

Answer 6

BUN>100
SCR>10

Question 7

DIfference between AV fistula and AV graft

Answer 7

In fistula, vein is sowed to artery, in graft tube is placed between the two
fistulas take 3 months to mature while grafts take 2-3 weeks
fistulas have longer survivals while grafts have shorter ones (synthetic material)
fistulas have few complications, grafts have increased infection rate

Question 8

what are substances not removed by dialysis machine

Answer 8

Lipophilic materials (hydrophilic is removed)
Large MW substances
High vd
high pt bound

Question 9

What are the two values that tell us how effective dialysis was

Answer 9

KT/V and URR

Question 10

What is KT/v

Answer 10

measure of total body water that is cleared of urea
V-VOD
K- clearence of urea
T- time on dialysis (this is only thing under our control)

Question 11

Goal of KT/V?

Answer 11

1.4 or greater

Question 12

what is URR

Answer 12

urea reduction rate

Question 13

goal URR

Answer 13

greater than 70

Question 14

what is PD

Answer 14

Uses patients peritoneal membrane as dialysis membrane. residual renal function still preserved with PD

Question 15

CAPD short cycle

Answer 15

throughout day

Question 16

CAPD long cycle

Answer 16

Overnight

Question 17

Only PD without machine

Answer 17

CAPD

Question 18

CCPD short cycle

Answer 18

during night

Question 19

CCPD long cycle

Answer 19

during day

Question 20

NIPD short cycle

Answer 20

during night

Question 21

NIPD long cycle

Answer 21

does not exist

Question 22

NTPD

Answer 22

long and short cycle during night

Question 23

What is CRRT

Answer 23

continous renal replacement therapy

Question 24

Who is CRRT for

Answer 24

ARF patients that can not tolerate Hemodilaysis. They are on constant 24/7 dialysis (slow)

Question 25

What is the only CRRT without dialysate

Answer 25

CAVH (CVVH)

Question 26

mechanism name for how blood is dialyzed in CAVH (CVVH)

Answer 26

convection

Question 27

what is CVVHD

Answer 27

continous venovanous hemodialysis
Has dialysate and waste is removed by diffusion.

Question 28

difference between CVVHD and CVVHDF

Answer 28

increased rate in CVVHDF that