Exam 1: Ions/Electrolytes Flashcards
Intracellular sodium concentration
1/10th of plasma sodium concentration; 14
Plasma sodium concentration
140-142
How to determine overall osmolarity
sodium x 2
What is sodium used to determine?
Sodium osmolarity
Blood plasma potassium concentration
4
Intracellular potassium
30x higher than outside cells (120-140)
What do you need to know about calcium?
There is hardly any calcium floating on the inside of the cell b/c it’s used as a signal to turn itself on
What do you need to know about magnesium?
Magnesium is higher inside the cells than outside of the cells b/c it’s used as a cofactor with lots of reactions inside of the cell
What do you need to know about chloride?
Similar to sodium; more outside of the cell than inside, primary ECF anion
What does bicarb do and where is it managed?
Bicarb is the primary ECF buffer and is typically managed by the kidney; higher concentration outside of cells than inside
Why is phosphate important?
ICF buffer; higher inside of cells than outside of cells
Amino acid concentrations are higher in the _____
inside of the cell; amino acids are needed to proteins together inside of the cells
Creatine is used for what?
High energy storage compound; used prior to ATP for energy when skeletal muscles contract
What is lactate?
Metabolic byproduct inside of the cell; higher concentration inside the cell than outside
Why is ATP not found outside of cells?
It is so valuable and must remain in the cells for energy usage