Exam 1: Ions/Electrolytes Flashcards

1
Q

Intracellular sodium concentration

A

1/10th of plasma sodium concentration; 14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Plasma sodium concentration

A

140-142

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How to determine overall osmolarity

A

sodium x 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is sodium used to determine?

A

Sodium osmolarity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Blood plasma potassium concentration

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intracellular potassium

A

30x higher than outside cells (120-140)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do you need to know about calcium?

A

There is hardly any calcium floating on the inside of the cell b/c it’s used as a signal to turn itself on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do you need to know about magnesium?

A

Magnesium is higher inside the cells than outside of the cells b/c it’s used as a cofactor with lots of reactions inside of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do you need to know about chloride?

A

Similar to sodium; more outside of the cell than inside, primary ECF anion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does bicarb do and where is it managed?

A

Bicarb is the primary ECF buffer and is typically managed by the kidney; higher concentration outside of cells than inside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is phosphate important?

A

ICF buffer; higher inside of cells than outside of cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Amino acid concentrations are higher in the _____

A

inside of the cell; amino acids are needed to proteins together inside of the cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Creatine is used for what?

A

High energy storage compound; used prior to ATP for energy when skeletal muscles contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is lactate?

A

Metabolic byproduct inside of the cell; higher concentration inside the cell than outside

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is ATP not found outside of cells?

A

It is so valuable and must remain in the cells for energy usage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why is glucose not found inside cells?

A

Glucose is delivered to cells, not produced within them

16
Q

What is the primary cation?

A

Sodium

17
Q

What is the function of potassium?

A

Potassium determines how the heart is going to function

18
Q

What is the ratio of calcium inside the cell vs outside of the cell?

A

10,000:1 - more outside of the cell vs inside

19
Q

What is magnesium used for?

A

To settle the heart down with chemical reactions

20
Q

What is the primary anion?

A

Chloride

21
Q

Are there more proteins inside or outside of the cell?

A

Inside because that is where they are produced

22
Q

What is urea?

A

Byproduct of metabolism

23
Q

What is total osmolarity?

A

How many dissolved compounds are in the total fluid sample
When you measure and add up all of the numbers it is close to 300

24
Q

Is the biological osmolarity greater than or less than the predicted osmolarity?

A

Less than b/c there are some ions that might join together and not want to dissociate as easily as predicted

25
Q

What is the corrected osmolarity?

A

280-283

26
Q

What is total osmotic pressure?

A

5,000+ mmHg; the pressure difference needed to prevent the flow of solvents across a semipermeable membrane = relates to the amount of “stuff” dissolved in solution