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Exam 1 history Flashcards

1
Q

Before the Europeans made significant contact with West Africa

A

Slaves were sometimes sold into bondage by their family’s

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2
Q

Christopher Columbus’s success in reaching North America can be attributed primarily of his

A

Luck, because he had seriously underestimated the size of the globe and the width of the Atlantic Ocean

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3
Q

On the eve of European colonization of the Americas, most Western Europeans lived in

A

Small, relatively isolated, rural communities

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4
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately describes Native American peoples east of the Mississippi River?

A

The increase in farming led to am emphasis on a matrilineal inheritance system.

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5
Q

The number of Indians living in Mesoamerica a declined from 30 million in the fifteenth century to approximately 3 million by 1650 because

A

Disease carried by Europeans decimated most Indian tribes who came in contact with Europeans

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6
Q

Cahokia was

A

A significant Mississippian city with more than one hundred temple mounds

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7
Q

Typically, when an English woman of the fifteenth century married she

A

Gave up ownership of her property to her husband

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8
Q

Early Europe contact with West Africa.

A

Stimulated West Africa trade networks in metals and other goods

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9
Q

Was the first “constitution” adopted in North America

A

The Mayflower Compact

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10
Q

Lord Baltimore, the proprietor of Maryland, established that the colony as a haven for

A

Catholics but also ordered toleration for Protestants

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11
Q

By the 1560s, Spain’s main policy in North America was to

A

Prevent other European states from establishing bases there, which could threaten Spain’s power

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12
Q

The Spanish Franciscan missionaries

A

Tried to impose cultural assimilation and forced labor along with religious conversion of indigenous people

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13
Q

The new colony of Maryland experienced a struggle because?

A

Experienced a struggle between the governor and the assembly over the right to initiate legislation

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14
Q

The majority of persons arrested on charges of witchcraft in Salem Were who?

A

Were women

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15
Q

As a result of Bacon’s Rebellion

A

The planter-merchants curbed political corruption and include some ambitious yeomen in the government

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16
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes indentured servitude in the Chesapeake colonies?

A

A male servant could produce five times his purchases price in a year.

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17
Q

The Virginia colonist John Rolfe

A

Introduced tobacco production in the colony

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18
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion contributed to the rise of slavery in the Chesapeake region by?

A

By convicting that landholding elite that the presence of large classes of white indentured servants were dangerous and that the colony’s labor needs should be met by black slaves.

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19
Q

Merchants took charge of English expansion when?

A

After the first English settlements in North America failed,

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20
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the New England Puritan’s attitude and behavior toward Native Americans?

A

Compared to the Spanish Franciscans in New Mexico, the Puritans failed miserably in controlling the Native Americans.

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21
Q

One reason that Massachusetts Bay Puritans banished Roger Williams was that he

A

Questioned the morality and legality of the English seizure of native people’s land.

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22
Q

By the 1560s Spain’s main policy in North America was to

A

Prevent other European states from establishing bases there, which could threaten Spain’s power.

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23
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the response of England to tobacco from the New World?

A

The English developed an insatiable appetite despite the king’s disapproval of the habit

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24
Q

The Puritans believe that Native Americans

A

Had been placed in America by “the devil” to prevent the spread of the Gospel there

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25
Q

Among the goals of Nathaniel Bacon’s “Manifesto and Declaration of the People” was

A

The death or removal of Native Americans

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26
Q

In early Virginia and Maryland, most indentured servants

A

Did not escape from poverty

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27
Q

As a result of fur trade, most Indian tribes of North America interior

A

Were eager to control it in order to obtain European goods

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28
Q

When they settled in the New World, the Puritans:

A

Pictured themselves s a select few chosen by God to preserve true Christianity in America

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29
Q

In contrast to the Spanish missionaries, the French Jesuits

A

Tried to understand the Indian’s values and worldview

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30
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately describes Africans in Virginia after the 1600s?

A

Africans found themselves more entrenched in slavery as a permanent condition

31
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion showed what?

A

Showed how dissatisfied the western settlers of Virginia had become with the emerging planer-merchant elite

32
Q

In the 1630s, the Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony insisted on?

A

Insisted that only men who were church members could vote

33
Q

William Berkeley

A

Aroused great resentment because he corruption, political favoritism, and high-handed treatment of the House of Burgesses during his term as royal governor of Virginia.

34
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes that changes in colonial politics in the early eighteenth century?

A

The royal governors remained powerful, but the political authority of local leaders and the assemblies greatly increased

35
Q

In general, the mercantilist policies purse by the British government during the eighteenth century called for the American colonies to produce

A

Agricultural goods and raw materials

36
Q

The Molasses Act was significant in that it

A

Touched off political clashes between Britain and the colonies, foreshadowing a new era of imperial control.

37
Q

In his Two Treatises on Government, John Locke

A

Stated that a government derives its legitimacy from the consent of the governed

38
Q

Most colonists’ reaction to the Navigation Acts was to

A

Resent and resist the trade restrictions.

39
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes life in the West Indies for survivors of the Middle Passage in the 1700s?

A

Because the price of slaves were low and the rises of sugar was high, slave owners worked their slaves to death and then replaced them with new slaves.

40
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes African sates’ involvement in the Atlantic slave trade?

A

He Asante kings used the profits of slave trading to expand their political dominion.

41
Q

The British policy of “salutary neglect” of the America colonies in the early eighteenth century meant

A

Relaxing supervision of the colonies’ internal affairs while concentrating on defense an trade policies.

42
Q

As the American settlements matured in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, colonial legislatures began to?

A

Began limiting the power of crown officials.

43
Q

Most colonial-era slaves dealt wit repression and violence by

A

Engaging in continual negotiation processes with slave owners for better food, clothing, privileges, and working conditions.

44
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the impact of the slave trade on Africa?

A

The goods Europeans traded to Africa were worth only one-tenth to one-third of the value of the goods the slaves produced

45
Q

As part of its mercantilist policy, England

A

Drove the Dutch from New Netherland

46
Q

In general, the mercantilist policies pursed but the British government during the eighteenth century called for he American colonies to produce

A

Agricultural goods and raw materials.

47
Q

During the colonial wars of the first half of the eighteenth century, the Iroquois and their allies

A

Adopted a policy of neutrality, exploiting the opportunities for trade with both France and Britain.

48
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes slavery in the Chesapeake by the mid-eighteenth century?

A

Most slaves were born in North America

49
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the Dutch reaction to the 1689 rebellion against Lieutenant Governor Francis Nicholson in New York.

A

Initially, all classes and ethnic groups rallied behind his ouster.

50
Q

A successful, full-scale revolt was nearly impossible for colonial-era slaves to achieve primarily because

A

Whites were armed and, except in coastal South Carolina, outnumbered slaves

51
Q

Which of the statements most accurately characterizes the lives of laborers and slaves in the colonies seaport cities

A

Many families depended on the work of women and children and, in hard times, on petty crime to make ends meet.

52
Q

The 1739 Stono River slave revolt occurred because

A

The Spanish governor in Florida had promised freedom and land to slaves who escaped from their English owners.

53
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the change in English economic philosophy toward the colonies beginning in the 1650s?

A

No longer content with a favorable balance of trade with European countries, the English government was determined to regulate trade with the colonies.

54
Q

Late-seventeenth-century Quakers were

A

Believers in an “inner light” of grace or understanding given by God to each man and woman.

55
Q

Which of the following changes occurred in white society in the Chesapeake colonies at the same time that slavery was being force on Africans?

A

A social hierarchy characterized by strict patriarchy and class structure hardened.

56
Q

The first colonist who settled South Carolina and introduced racial slavery arrived from

A

Barbados

57
Q

The experience of West Africans on the Middle Passage to slavery in the Americas included

A

Widespread disease, malnutrition, and death.

58
Q

Hostilities between French troops and Virginians, let by Colonel George Washington, began in 1745 at

A

Fort Duquesne

59
Q

The Anglo-American conquest of Canada was completed with the capture of

A

Montreal

60
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes women’s property rights in the English colonies?

A

When a women married, legal ownership of all her personal property passed to her husband.

61
Q

Under the term of the Treat of Paris (1763), Britain

A

Annexed French Canada, French lands east of the Mississippi River, and Spanish Florida

62
Q

The Great Awakening of the 1740s and 1750s reinforced what values?

A

Reinforced the communal values of farm families in rural villages

63
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes Quakers’ social values in early Pennsylvania?

A

Quakers’ pacifism prevented friction with Native Americans until the 1750s.

64
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately describes rural life in the New England colonies during the eighteenth century?

A

European visitors found that the sense of personal worth and dignity in rural New England contrasted sharply with European peasant life.

65
Q

George Whitefield owed much of his success as an evangelical preacher to

A

A popular reputation for being “almost angelical” in appearance, his magnificent speaking voice and dramatic public presence, ad publicity in the colonial press.

66
Q

John Locke held that

A

Human character could be shaped by education, rational thought, and purposeful action.

67
Q

The Virginia gentry feared the rise of the Baptist because the Baptist were

A

More democratic than the Anglicans and threatened to undermine the gentry’s position and privilege.

68
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately describes sexuality in eighteenth-century New England?

A

Young people increasingly used premarital pregnancy to force their parents into allowing them to marry

69
Q

Which of the following statements most accurately characterizes the early Industrial Revolution and its pact on America?

A

New machines and new business practices enabled the British to produce more wool, linens, and other goods than ever before and to sell them to Americans at lower prices, allowing Americans to raise their standard of living.

70
Q

Settling in eighteenth-century America, most German immigrants

A

Tended to hold themselves cultural apart by marrying among themselves and speaking German; otherwise, they were loyal subjects.

71
Q

The Enlightenment, which reached America between the 1720s and 1760s, emphasizes what?

A

Emphasized the power of human reasons to shape the world.

72
Q

In the campaign against New France, Prime Minister William Pitt

A

Counted on the numerical advantage of the English settler population over the French.

73
Q

Farmerwives throughout the colonies contributed to their families by

A

Preforming a wide range of duties both inside the house and in the family’s fields; they were subordinate yet essential contributors tot the family’s welfare.

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