Exam 1 - Chapter 2

Question 1

Transudate

Answer 1

Edema with a low potein content (specific gravity

Question 2

Exudate

Answer 2

Edema with a high protein content (specific gravity >1.0) and contains inflammatory agents. Three types:
Serous
Fibrinous
Purulent

Question 3

Serous Exudate

Answer 3

Yellow color but contains no signs of a cell inflammatory response

Question 4

Fibrinous Exudate

Answer 4

Contains a lot of fibrin because it was caused by a coagulative response

Question 5

Purulent Exudate

Answer 5

Contains cell components, usually caused by infection

Question 6

Bradykinin

Answer 6

Similar to histamine but causes pain

Question 7

Arachidonic Acid

Answer 7

Derived from phospholipids from phospholipidases. Has two pathways which both create unpleasant molecules:
Lipoxygenase
Cyclooxygenase

Question 8

Lipoxygenase Pathway

Answer 8

Leads to lipoxins. Asthma inhibitors block this pathway

Question 9

Cyclooxygenase Pathway

Answer 9

Leads to prostaglandins. Aspirin and Celebrex blocks this pathway. There’s COX-1 and COX-2 (more common and easier to inhibit because of its larger binding site). The drugs either inhibit thromboxin or prostacyclin

Question 10

Serous Inflammation

Answer 10

Early stage and leads to serous exudate

Question 11

Fibrinous Inflammation

Answer 11

Leads to fibrinous exudate

Question 12

Purulent Inflammation

Answer 12

Acute inflammation. Leads to purulent exudate. White blood cells’ enzymes cause liquefaction of the tissue it’s trying to save. The liquefaction leads to pus formation

Question 13

Ulcerative Inflammation

Answer 13

Necrosis near the surface leads to ulcers

Question 14

Pseudomembranous Inflammation

Answer 14

Acute inflammation. In response to a bacteria’s toxin. The bacteria is able to make false membranes on our own cells, so the body attacks these membranes

Question 15

Granulomatous Inflammation

Answer 15

Chronic inflammation characterized by granulomas and giant cells

Question 16

Continuously Dividing Cells

Answer 16

Example: Skin cells

Question 17

Quiescent Facultative Mitotic Cells

Answer 17

Example: Hepatic cells (the cells in the liver are stable)

Question 18

Nondividing Postmitotic Cells

Answer 18

Example: Brain and cardiac muscle cells

Question 19

Stages of the Cell Cycle

Answer 19

1. G1 is the first growth phase
2. S is for DNA synthesis and replicaiton
3. G2 is the second growth phase
4. Mitosis
5. G0 is the resting phase

Question 20

Keloid

Answer 20

Collagen III irregularity. Where the scar has formed defectively. It’s really firm, and gross looking