Exam 1 - ABX 3 Flashcards
1
Q
these drugs work by inhibiting/altering protein synthesis
A
- aminoglycosides
- lincosamides
- macrolides
- tetracyclines
- fluoroquinolones
- sulfonamides
- metronidazole
1
Q
aminoglycosides
A
- gentamycin
- amikacin
- tobramycin
2
Q
lincosamides
A
clindamycin
3
Q
macrolides
A
- erythromycin
- azithromycin
4
Q
fluoroquinolones
A
- ciprofloxacin
- levofloxacin
5
Q
sulfonamides
A
- sulfamethoxale + trimethoprim
6
Q
what do aminoglycosdes work on
A
- potent antibiotics that work well on gram - bacteria
7
Q
gentamycin
A
- neuromuscular blockade: can cause profound respiratory distress
- CNS side effects: confusion, depression, disorientation, numbness, tingling
- ototoxicity
8
Q
clindamycin: MOA
A
- binds to ribosomes and inhibits protein synthesis
9
Q
clindamycin: indications
A
- chronic bone infection
- GU tract infections
- intraabdominal infections
- anaerobic pneumonia
- septicemia
- serious skin infections
- prophylaxis for endocarditis
10
Q
clindamycin: nursing considerations
A
- monitor use with neuromuscular blockade medications
- very toxic
- can cause deadly pseudomembranous colitis
11
Q
which class is considered as YUCK drugs
A
macrolides
12
Q
macrolides: indication
A
- various infections of upper and lower respiratory infections
- skin infections
- soft tissue infections
- STIs
13
Q
erythromycin
A
- has hypomotility benefits for diabetic gastroparesis and increase gastric motility and emptying
- does not cross BBB
- don’t take on an empty stomach
- lots of drug-drug interactions
14
Q
azithromycin
A
- less GI upset
- very good tissue penetration and long duration of action
- take without food
15
Q
tetracyclines: contraindications
A
- pregnant and nursing women
- children younger than 8
16
Q
tetracyclines: adverse effects
A
- discoloration of the permanent teeth
- tooth enamel hypoplasia in fetuses and children
- photosensitivity
17
Q
tetracycline
A
- bacteriostatic
- concentrates in bone, liver, spleen, and TEETH
- rare SE: anaphylaxis and angioedema
18
Q
doxycycline
A
- chlamydial and mycoplasmal infections
- prophylaxis for STIs
- acne and other non-dangerous skin infections
19
Q
minocycline
A
- decreases symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis
- solodyn is an extended release formula for acne
20
Q
ciprofloxacin: indication
A
- UTIs
- some STIs
- upper and lower respiratory tract infections
- gonorrhea
21
Q
ciprofloxacin: adverse effects
A
- arthropathy
22
Q
ciprofloxacin: contraindications
A
- avoid in patients under 18 and over 60
23
Q
levofloxacin
A
- most widely used quinolone
- once daily dosing
- more activity against pneumococcal and other atypical respiratory infections
24
Q
levofloxacin: adverse effects
A
- CNS disorders that predispose to seizures
- kidney failure
- prolongation of QT interval
- photosensitivity
25
Q
sulfamethoxale + trimethoprim: MOA
A
- don’t actually destroy bacteria but inhibit their growth
- bacteriostatic by preventing the synthesis of folic acid needed for DNA synthesis
26
Q
sulfamethoxale + trimethoprim: indications
A
- uncomplicated UTIs
- respiratory infections
- salmonella
- shigellosis
27
Q
metronidazole
A
- crohn’s disease
- antibiotic associated diarrhea
- anaerobic activity only
- DO NOT TAKE WITH ALCOHOL
- AE: n/v, zerostomia, vaginal candidiasis
