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Biology 2401 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is your anatomical position?

A

Standing, facing forward, arms at side, palms forward,

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2
Q

Lying facing up is?

A

Supine

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3
Q

Lying facing down is?

A

Prone

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4
Q

Abdominal

A

Abdominal region

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5
Q

Armpit

A

Axillary

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6
Q

Heel of foot

A

Calcaneal

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7
Q

Neck

A

Cervical

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8
Q

Elbow

A

Cubital

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9
Q

Facial

A

Facial

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10
Q

Buttock

A

Gluteal

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11
Q

Lower back

A

Lumbar

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12
Q

Eye

A

Ocular/Orbital

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13
Q

Palm

A

Palmar

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14
Q

Foot

A

Pedal

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15
Q

Sole of foot

A

Plantar

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16
Q

Just above the gluteus in the middle

A

Sacral

`

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17
Q

Belly button region

A

Umbilical

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18
Q

Forearm

A

antebrachial

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19
Q

wrist

A

carpal

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20
Q

skull

A

cranial

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21
Q

thigh

A

femoral

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22
Q

big toe

A

hallux

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23
Q

hand

A

manual

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24
Q

Back of elbow

A

olecranal

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25
Q

knee cap

A

patellar

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26
Q

thumb

A

pollex

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27
Q

back of knee

A

popliteal

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28
Q

ankle

A

tarsals

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29
Q

front of elbow

A

antecubital

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30
Q

cheeks

A

buccal

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31
Q

head

A

cephalic

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32
Q

leg

A

crural

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33
Q

shoulder

A

deltoid

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34
Q

forhead

A

frontal

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35
Q

groin

A

inguinal

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36
Q

chin

A

mental

37
Q

mouth

A

oral

38
Q

chest breast

A

pectoral

39
Q

chest

A

thoracic

40
Q

LUQ

A 
Spleen 
Stomach 
Liver 
Pancreas 
Small intestine 
large intestine
 left kidney
41
Q

RUQ

A 
Liver
gallbladder
large intestine
small intestine
right kidney
42
Q

LLQ

A 
Small intestine
large intestine
bladder
L ovary
uterus
43
Q

RLQ

A 
Small intestine
Large intestine
Appendix
Bladder 
R ovary
Uterus
44
Q

What is the definition of Anatomy

A

The STUDY of the structures of the body

45
Q

What is the definition of physiology

A

The STUDY of the function(s) of the anatomical structures

46
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

A stable internal environment

47
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Drives stimulus in the same direction and leads to greater change until desired outcome is achieved

48
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Drives stimulus in the opposite direction most commonly to maintain homeostasis

49
Q

What are the levels of organization?

A

Atom-molecule-organelle-cell-tissue-organ-organ SYSTEM-Organism

50
Q

What are the organ systems

A

Muscular Urinary. Respiratory. Digestive. Endocrine. Reproductive. Integumentary. Nervous. Lymphatic Skeletal

MURDER INC LS

51
Q

Atom is composed of

A

Proton Neutron and Electron

52
Q

What is the atomic mass

A

Weight of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Weighed in AMU

53
Q

What is the atomic number

A

Number of protons in the nucleus

54
Q

What does it mean when an Element is inert or nonreactive

A

Its outer shell is full of electrons

its is happy when full

55
Q

What makes an atom reactive

A

When their outer shell is not full

56
Q

What is an Ion

A

When an atom gains or loses an electron (charged atom)

57
Q

What is a positively charged Ion

A

Cation

58
Q

what is a negatively charged ion

A

anion

59
Q

Ionic bond?

A

Gaining or losing an electron to create an atom with a charge

60
Q

Covalent bond

A

Share electrons to make each other happy

61
Q

What does nonpolar mean in a covalent bond

A

Equal sharing of electrons (no one is hogging the ball) NON ANGRY

62
Q

What does polar mean in a covalent bond

A

UNequal sharing of electrons (one of them is a ball hogger)

63
Q

What elements are in an organic compoud

A

CHO carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

64
Q

What are the two tenets of the cell theory

A

cell is the basic unit of all life

all cells come from pre existing cells

65
Q

What are the 3 monosaccharides

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

66
Q

What are the 3 disaccharides

A

Sucrose Maltose and lactose

67
Q

What are the three polysaccharides and which is stored in your liver

A

Glycogen, Starch and Cellulose

68
Q

What does ATP mean

A

Adenosine Triphosphate, molecule that stores energy

69
Q

what two monosaccharides combine to make maltose

A

Glucose and Glucose

70
Q

What two monosaccharides make sucrose

A

glucose and fructose

71
Q

what two monosaccharides make lactose

A

glucose and galactose

72
Q

what is table sugar

A

sucrose

73
Q

what breaks down lactose

A

lactase

74
Q

what breaks down maltose

A

maltase

75
Q

what breaks down sucrose

A

sucrase

76
Q

Amino acids are the building blocks of

A

20 different types

77
Q

What is the difference between one amino acid and another

A

Differ only in R group

78
Q

Draw the simplest amino acid

A

draw

79
Q

What is the denaturing of a protein and how does this happen

A

loss of shape and function

due heat or pH

80
Q

What is the difference is structure of DNA and RNA

A

DNA is double stranded RNA Is single stranded

81
Q

Whats the largest organelle in a cell

A

Nucleus

82
Q

What does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum do

A

synthesized steroids and lipids like cholesterol, detoxifies alcohol and drugs fixes cell walls

83
Q

What does Catalyst mean

A

Increases the rate of reaction

84
Q

What do enzymes do

A

Its a naturally occurring catalyst
they are proteins that speed up chemical reactions
act as a “digestive system”

85
Q

What are the various lipids found in the body and what do they look like

A

Cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid

86
Q

What does a triglyceride do?

A

Stores energy
insulation
protection, shock absorption

87
Q

What is the function of a phospholipid

A

Makes the cell membrane and all other membranous organelles

88
Q

What is the function of cholesterol

A

To help build cell walls and

Biology 2401 (7 decks)

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