Evolution - I Flashcards
What is Jean Baptiste de Lamarck known for?
- he was one of the 1st to explain why organisms change over time.
What were Lamarck’s 3 assumptions?
organisms change:
- because they want to better themselves.
- because they use/disuse new features
- and traits gained by the parent can be passed on to the offspring
What is Charles Darwin known for?
He’s the father of Modern Evolutionary Theory.
What was the purpose of Darwin’s voyage on the Beagle mission to survey South America and what was his job?
- The purpose was to explore the coast of South America
- Darwin’s job was to collect fossils, plants rocks & animals
Why are the Galapgos Islands important?
- Darwin noticed a lot of variation among samples that he collected at the different islands…..Hmmmmmm - that made him curious!
What did Darwin do when he returned to England?
- He continued his study, working with animal breeders to determine how small changes could occur among species over time.
How did Darwin publish his theory?
It was published in On The Origin of Speciesafter many years of thinking about it.
What was Darwin’s main idea?
- **Natural selection **is the process in nature that results in the most fit organisms producing offspring.
- Given enough time, the natural selection can modify a population enough to produce a new species.
What is evolution?
The cumulative changes over time.
What is evolutionary fitness?
- The success of an organism to pass on its genes to the next generation.
- Success = a good “fit” with the environment
There are 4 principles of Darwin’s ideas.
V, H, O, RA
or
O H R V
What’s important about variation?
- Individuals can show differences, or variations.
- Natural selection acts on variation.
There are 4 principles of Darwin’s ideas.
V, H, O, RA
O H R V
What’s important about heritability?
Variations can be inherited.
There are 4 principles of Darwin’s ideas.
V, H, O, RA
O H R V
What’s important about overproduction?
Organisms have more offspring than
can survive on available resources.
There are 4 principles of Darwin’s ideas.
V, H, O, RA
O H R V
What’s important about reproductive advantage?
Variations that increase reproductive success
have a greater chance of being passed on.
What is survival of the fittest?
Those individuals with characteristics best suited for their environment survive the struggle for existence.
Natural selection is driven by the survival of the fittest.
