Evidence

Question 1

Purpose of identification

Answer 1

Determine the physical or chemical identity of a substance with as near absolute certainty as techniques will permit

Question 2

Purpose of comparison

Answer 2

Analysis subjects a suspect specimen to the same tests and exams as a known specimen to determine if they have a common origin

Question 3

Product rule

Answer 3

Multiply together the frequencies of independently occurring genetic markers to obtain an overall frequency of occurrence for a genetic profile

Question 4

Direct transfer

Answer 4

Transferred from source to location without any intermediaries (A–>B)

Question 5

Indirect transfer

Answer 5

Involves transfer with one or more intermediaries (A–>B–>C)

Question 6

Type I Error

Answer 6

False positive. Can happen if a negative control is not used

Question 7

Type II Error

Answer 7

False negative. Can happen if a positive control is not used

Question 8

Hallmarks of the scientific method

Answer 8

1. Must be testable

2. Must be repeatable