Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Flashcards
1
Q
What happens in G0 stage?
A
The cells that do not need to replicate can rest
2
Q
What happens in the G1 stage?
A
- The volume of cytosol increases
- The organelles are replicated
- Synthesis of proteins
3
Q
What happens in the G2 stage?
A
- Volume of cytosol increases
- Synthesis of proteins for mitosis
4
Q
What happens in the S stage?
A
DNA replication
5
Q
What is mitosis?
A
Mitosis is the process of nuclear replication and division that results in two identical daughter cells
6
Q
What happens during the prophase stage?
A
- The chromosomes condense
- Centrioles migrate to opposite roles
- Spindle fibres start forming
- Nuclear membrane breaks down and nucleolus disappears
7
Q
What happens during the metaphase stage?
A
- Spindle fibres attach to centromeres of chromosomes
- Chromosomes line up in equator of cell
8
Q
What happens during the anaphase stage?
A
- Spindle fibres contract and pull the sister chromatids to opposite poles of cell
9
Q
What happens during the telophase stage?
A
- Chromosomes densely pack on either side of the cell
- New nuclear membranes form
- Spindle fibres disintegrate
- Chromosomes decondense
10
Q
What happens during the G1 checkpoint?
A
- Is the cell the correct size?
- Are there enough proteins for DNA replication?
- Have organelles replicated?
11
Q
What happens during the G2 checkpoint?
A
- Has the DNA successfully/correctly replicated?
- Are environmental factors good?
- Does cell have enough resources for mitosis?
12
Q
What happens during the M checkpoint?
A
- Checks if spindle fibres attached to centromeres
13
Q
How do mitochondria and chloroplasts replicate?
A
Binary fission, as they were thought to be originated from bacteria and cyanobacteria.
