2B: Organelles

Question 1

What is an organelle?

Answer 1

A structure of a cell with a specialised function

Question 2

Function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 2

The site where proteins are synthesized and modified for export

Question 3

Function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 3

Site of lipid and carbohydrate production in the cell

Question 4

Function of the Golgi body?

Answer 4

Sorts, packages, and modifies proteins

Question 5

Function of lysosome?

Answer 5

Contains molecules that digest waste products

Question 6

Function of plasma membrane?

Answer 6

Made up of a phospholipid bilayer which controls what enters and exits the cell

Question 7

Function of a vacuole?

Answer 7

Stores water and nutrients for the cell, and helps maintain the structure and shape of the cell.

Question 8

What is the difference between the cytosol and the cytoplasm?

Answer 8

The cytosol refers to the liquid component inside the cell, whereas the cytoplasm refers to the whole cell and all the organelles inside the plasma membrane, excluding the nucleus. The cytosol is within the cytoplasm.