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Microbiology > Eukaryotes > Flashcards

Eukaryotes Flashcards

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1
Q

Eu= true
Karyo= nucleus
The defition of eukaryote is

A

True nucleus, main characteristic

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2
Q

Eukaryots incluce

A

Animals, plants, fungi, protozoa

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3
Q

Eukayotic flagella and cilica found where?

Function?

A

Outside the eukaryote

Function is motile

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4
Q

Few and long on eukaryotic cell is a _____

A

Flagella

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5
Q

Microtules make up ______ of eukaryotes

A

Flagella

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6
Q

The flagella move in _____ manner

A

Wavelike

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7
Q

Bacterial flagella _____ in motion

A

Rotate

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8
Q

Eukaryotic flagella ______ in motion

A

Wave ( up/down )

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9
Q

The Cillia of eukayotic cells are _____ and _____

A

Short and many

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10
Q

Cilila are on,y found in what tyle of cells ?

A

Eukaryotic

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11
Q

Many Eukartyes have a cell wall ? Tru or flase

A

True

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12
Q

Plant cell wall has a _____ composed wall

A

Cellulose

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13
Q

Fungi have a cell wall composed of _____

A

Chitin

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14
Q

Eukaryotic plasma membrane is _____ to the prokaryotic plasma membrane

A

Similar

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15
Q

Eukaryotic plasma membrane holds carbohydrates and ___

A

Sterols

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16
Q

Eukaryotic plasma has a what type of passive transport ?

A

Simple diffusion

  • hydrophobic
  • uncharged
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17
Q

The high to low concentration movement of the oassive transport in eukaryotic plasma membrane is ?

A

Facilitated diffusion

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18
Q

Passive transport when water moves through the plasma membrane in a eukaryotic plasma membrane at a hight to low concentration is ?

A

Osmosis

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19
Q

What type of active process move from a low concentration to a high concentration in eukaryotic plasma membrane

A

Active transport

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20
Q

What does not occur in eukarytoic plasma membrane ?

A

No group translocation (only in prokaryotic)

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21
Q

What active process across eukaryotic plasma membrane transports surrounding molecules into cell

A

Endocytosis

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22
Q

Endocytosis only occurs in ? Eukaryotes or prokaryotes?

A

Eukaryotes

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23
Q

Cellular projections (pseudopods) englud particle in ?
Phagocytosis
Endocytosis
Pincytosis

A

Phagocytosis

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24
Q

What endocytosos process bring particle into cell and “cell eating”

A

Phagocytosis

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25
Q

What endocytosis process does :
Plasma membrane folds in-> extracellular fluid enters cell
“Cell-drinking”

A

Pinocytosis

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26
Q

The endocytosis process that Molecule bind to receptor on plasma membrane and binds to the receptor ( star molecule)

  • plasma membrane folds after binding
  • molecule enters cell
A

Receptor- mediated endocytosis

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27
Q

The process that expells material from the cell, forms vesicle around expelled mateiral
-composed of phsopholipids
-moves toward end of plasma membrane
- fuses with P.M. and components released .
-

A

Exocytosis

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28
Q

What sythesis protein in eukaryotes

A

Ribosomes

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29
Q

80s are _____ ribosomes
Large 60s
Smaller 40s

A

Eukaryotic

30
Q

Ribosomes are on the cytoplasm and called _____

A

Free ribosomes

31
Q

_____ synthesizes intracellular proteins in the ribosomes of the eukaryote

A

Cytoplasm

32
Q

.

What sythezies extracellular proteins and insert into plasma membrane in ribosomal eukaryotes

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

33
Q

70s ribosomes are found in the _____ of eukaryotes

A

Mitochondira/chloroplast

34
Q

Where are membrane bound organellens onlt found in?

A

Eukaryotic cells

35
Q

The _____ contains most of the cells DNA

A

Nucleus

36
Q

What is surrounded by a double membrane

A

Nucleus

37
Q

_____ allow molecules to move between nucleus and cytoplasm

A

Nuclear pores

38
Q

What is the structure where rRNA sythesis

A

Nucleolus

39
Q

______ wraps around histones (positively charged proteins)

A

Eukaryotic DNA

40
Q

What is wrapped around 8 histones

A

Nucleosomes

41
Q

What is the thread like mass of DNA

A

Chromatin

42
Q

The dna is in chromatin form when ?

A

Its not dividing

43
Q

The coiled DNA in eukaryotes

A

Chromosomes

44
Q

The series if tunnels called cristernae are part of the _____

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

45
Q

What contain ribosomes in the outside

A

Rough ER

46
Q

What sythesizes extra cellular proteins and proteins to be insterted into plasma membrane

A

Rough ER

47
Q

What does not have any ribosomes

A

Smooth ER

48
Q

_____ sythesizes fats and sterios

A

Smooth ER

49
Q

What detoxifies metabolic wastes and drugs

A

Smooth ER

50
Q

Composed of stacks of cisternae

A

Golgi apparatus

51
Q

______ receives proteins and sends them to other cellular locations
(Post office)

A

Golgi apparatus

52
Q

Proteins from Rough ER bud off into membrane - bound vesicles is the ____ step

A

Step 1 of protein pathways

53
Q

Vesicles travel to golgi apparatus aand fuse is ______ step

A

2nd step of protein pathway

54
Q

Proteins released into golgi apparatus is the _____ step

A

3rd step of Protein Pathway

55
Q

Proteins modified and move from one cistern to another is _____ step

A

4th of protein pathway of rough ER

56
Q

Modified proteins bud off from golgie apparatus into membrane-bound vesicles is _____ step

A

5th step of protein pathways of rough ER

57
Q

Vesicle leaving golgi apparatus travel to plasma and fuse to membrane are _____ steps

A

6th and 7th steps

58
Q

_____ are surrounded by the membrane

A

Lysosomes

59
Q

Contian low pH and contain digestive enzymes

A

Lysosmes digest particles

60
Q

The function of _____ lysosomes is the conduct intracellular digestion

A

Lysosomes

61
Q

What is surrounded by membranes and store water and food

A

Vacuoles

62
Q

____ are surrounded by 2 membranes

A

Mitochondria

63
Q

_______ contians 70s ribsosomes and DNA

A

Matrix of the inner mem.

64
Q

What generates the energy of the cell

A

Mitchondria

65
Q

Both _____ and _____ are surrounded by teo membranes

A

Mitochondira and chloroplasts

66
Q

What are flattened sacs that are within the inner membrane of chloroplasts

A

Thylakoids

67
Q

The function of ______ is photosynthesis

A

Chloroplasts

68
Q

_____ is surrounded by membrane and contians oxidative enzymes

A

Peroximsome

69
Q

What breaks down toxi materials, amino acids, and fatty acids

A

Peroxisomes. H2O2[toxic]

70
Q

What breaks dosn toxic hydrgen peroxide

A

Catalase in water and oxygen

Microbiology (7 decks)

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