Ethics

Question 1

Three Standards of Ethics for Speakers

Answer 1

1) Form the ethics box
S - Speaker Motive - more altruistic more ethical, more self interest less ethical, malice unethical
M - Message Means - more factual more ethical, more manipulation more unethical, deception = unethical
R - Outcome on Receiver - Benefit = ethical, harm = unethical

Question 2

Building Credibility

Answer 2

1) Derived Credibility - produced by everything speaker say and does throughout the speech
2) Aristotle: good character, sagacity, goodwill
a) good character: state of being virtuous: appropriateness avoid excessiveness
b) sagacity (good sense): demonstration of good judgement, attributing sources, demonstrate reserach
c) goodwill - audience perception that speaker cares about and respects them - no hidden motives, honestly assessing benefit to audience
3) Social scientist added DYNAMISM - strong delivery that creates the impression with the audience that the speaker has practiced and thus cares about what he is talking about
4) see true rhetorical persuasion as a free-will choice for the audience

Question 3

Losing Credibility

Answer 3

1) lying by commission - willfully making an untrue statement
2) Lying by omission - a speaker willfully chooses not to acknowledge facts about his argument that might damage its effectiveness
3) Manipulation - deliberate misrepresentation of facts and evidence to an audience
4) Coercion - use of force or threats to make someone do something against their will
5) Demagoguery - win over an audience through appealing to their prejudices and emotions, particularly those of fear, anger and frustraton

Question 4

Terminal Credibility

Answer 4

1) Credibility with which you end the speech

2) affects reputation