Argumentation

Question 1

Logical Fallacies

Answer 1

1) begging- the question
- speaker presumes hings are fact that havent been proven truthful
2) non sequitur
- when you make an unwarranted move from one idea to the next
3) Slippery slope
- assumes that once an action begins it will follow, undeterred, to an eventual and inevitable conclusion
4) Post hoc, ergo propter hoc
- assumes causation between two events because of chronological order
5) Either-or
- presents two opinions and declares that one must be correct while one must be incorrect
6) red herring
- speaker introduces irrelevant issue or piece of info to divert attention from subject of speech
7) ad populum
- position reasonable bc everyone doing it
8) ad verecundium
- appeal to persuasion based on tradition/authority
9) ad hominem
- speaker attacks speaker and not message
10) straw man
- speaker ignores actual position of opponent and substitutes it with a distorted and exagerrated position

Question 2

Toulmin Model

Answer 2

1) grounds/data - evidence
2) claim - idea seeking to convey
3) warrant - explains why grounds support claim
4) backing - justification for warrant
50 qualifier - augments claim to degree of truth
6) potential rebuttal - conditions that woould make central claim untrue