Ethics Flashcards
What is the Ethics Code for Behavior Analyst designed to do?
Guides Professional activity of BCBA
BCBA evaluate their own ethical behavior/ those in the field
What are the 4 Core Ethical Principle of the BCBA
Benefit Other - protection of welfare/right of clients by evaluating negative effect of their treatment and collaborating with others
Treat Others with Compassion, Dignity, and Respect - equitable treatment, privacy, confidentiality, self-determination, informed decisions
Behave with Integrity - honest, following through with obligation, avoid misrepresentation, accountability, uphold regulatory requirement/ ethics/ educating others about ethics
Ensure Competence - scope of practice, informed of best practice/ harmful practice, updating skills and knowledge for diverse cultural groups
Define and Give an example of the principle to “Benefit Other”
Benefit Other - protection of welfare/right of clients by evaluating negative effect of their treatment and collaborating with others
Give an Example of Principle to “Treat others with compassion, Dignity, and Respect
Treat Others with Compassion, Dignity, and Respect - equitable treatment, privacy, confidentiality, self-determination, informed decisions
Define and Give an Example to “ Behave with Integrity”
Behave with Integrity - honest, following through with obligation, avoid misrepresentation, accountability, uphold regulatory requirement/ ethics/ educating others about ethics
Define Give and Example to “Ensure Competence”
Ensure Competence - scope of practice, informed of best practice/ harmful practice, updating skills and knowledge for diverse cultural groups
What is the name of our ethical code as of January 1, 2022
The Ethics code for Behavior Anaysts
- before it was the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code (2016 - december 31, 2021
What is the 4 Foundational principles used for
Framework for specific standards
Who does the Ethics Code for Behavior Analysts Applies to
A. BCBA, BCaBA, individuals who have copmleted an application for BCBA or BCaBA certificatoin
B. Credtialed BCBA an BCaBA
C. BCBA, BCaBA, ndividual who are in verified course sequence
A. BCBA, BCaBA, individuals who have copmleted an application for BCBA or BCaBA certificatoin
What should a behaviour Analyst do when resolving an ethical dilemma
resolve with:
- best interest of client
- accordance of the law
- follow spirit and letter of code’s core principles and specific standards
- use structured decision making process
- document decision process (steps/outcome)
- protect confidentiality
If BACB accepts notice regarding ethics violation what happens?
- uses an educational or disciplinary stance
- educational stance - provide guidance and support to teach ( future ethic violation prevention)
- disciplinary review - correction actions and sanctions should occur
What is the Educational stance for Ethics Violation and when is it used?
Educational Stance is used to educate the person and prevent future ethic violations
What is the Disciplinary Review - When is it used?
When the ethic violation is serious - person will be sanctioned
When do BCBA not address concerns of professional misconduct with colleagues
Talking to them won’t resolve the issue, would put others at risk
What document do the BACB use to enforce the Ethics code when processing complaints
Code of Enforcement Procedure Document
What Do you do if a BCBA have an opportunity outside of their area of competence
- study, recieve training, superversion and/or consult from persion who is competent in area of techniques before accepting if not
decline if you don’t have the experience or conditionaly accept
Can a BCBA collect data for population that they do not have experience with?
Yes - direct observation data is a skill independent of the population being observed
When can a bcba provide service?
After defining and documenting their professional role in writing
What are the three types of CEUS BCBA/BcaBA
1) Learning - Events offered by ACE providers, certification, activities by the BACB, or behavior-analytic-graduate courses
2) Teaching - teaching ACE events or teaching university courses in behavior analysis
3) Scholarship - publishing a behaviour-analytic article in a peer-reviewed journal or writing a review or decision letter for an article submitted to a peer review journal.
How many CEU must BcaBA earn every___ years?
Hoe many of these must cover ethics and professional behavior?
BCaBA must now earn 20 CEU every 2 years
4 hours must cover ethics
How does a BCBA best serve a cultural population they aren’t from?
Engage in professional development to acquire knowledge and skills in cultural responsiveness,
Evaluate their own skills and biases in their ability to meet the needs of diverse populations
How Many CEU do BCBA Have to complete? How many of it has to be ethics?
BCBA require 32 hours ( 32 ceus) every 2 years; 4 of the hours must cover and professional behaviors
How Many CEU must a BCBA Earn in ______year? How many of these must cover supervision?
BCBA must now earn 32 CEU, every 2 years,
4 hours for ethics
3 for supervision
How much is the value of gifts BCBA can accept?
$10
What to do if the give is over $10
Put the therapeutic relationship at the forefront.
Make gift public can help prevent a negative impact on the therapeutic relationship.
In anticipation of problem behaviors, the parents of client ask the BCBA to attend the child’s birthday party to provide services during the party. The BCBA:
Agrees and does not bring a gift
A BCBA is wrongly accuse of child abuse. Does the BCBA need to inform the BACB
No - only notified if investigation is action, sanctions against, charges are filed, police investigation against BCBA will have to do it within 30 days
What is an expoitative relationship?
a person in position of authority or power taking advantage of someone with less authority and power for personal gain
therapeutic, suprvisory, evaluative relationship all carry authority that could be exploited
Who can be in an expolitive relationship
clients, parents of clients, students, supervisees, research participants
BCBAS do not engage in romantic or sexual relationships with former clients or stakeholders
2 years after professional relationship ended
What does a BCBA have to do when developing a new procedure
See if the procedure is consistent with literature
What Should a BCBA do if she is working on a multiple-disciplinary treatment team and needs to agree to method that have no empirical support?
After speaking out about, if the majority is against her, compromise by asking to take data and assess functional variables
Do BCBA always have to use scientifically validated procedures even if behaviour is complex and has no time?
Yes- always use scientifically vlaidated procedure because if we don’t it take time and resources away from treatment that have been effective
What is the significance of peer review
- ensure scientific process was followed correctly
- results are plausible given
- the design of research
- research is original valid and significant
What is another term of peer review
refereeing
how are peer reviewers selected?
based on expertise with research methodologies and field expertise
A behaviour Analyst may disclose confidential information about a client without a client’s consent when?
whenever permitted/applicable to law
referrals to professional services
preventing harm to client or others
court order
getting paid for services
Unless required or permitted by law, disclose confidential information only after you’ve obtained _________________
written consent from the client or client surrogate
When to discuss confidentiality
At the beginning of the therapeutic relationship and as new cirumstances arise thereafter
When submitting information for third party agreement, BCBAS should include what?
Hours of services
clinician who provided the hours
summary of analyzed data
What is the definition for negative reinforcement
A stimulus removed from the environment following a behavior that increases the future probability of that behaviour
What is an everyday definition of negative reinforcement
behaving in a way to avoid something unpleasant like a reprimand
Define positive reinforcement
A stimulus added to the environment following a behavior that increases the probability of the behaviour
Define consequence
A stimulus change following the behaviour of interests
define positive reinforcement in everyday language
A addition of praise, tangibles to increase the person motivation to present that behaviour again
Define consequence in everyday language
What happens in the environment after a behaviour
Define Response Cost
The contingency of losing a specific number of reinforcer that decrease the probabilityo f that future behaviour
form of negative punishement
What is an everyday way to explain response cost
imposing a fine for doing something unacceptable
Define Extinction
The discontinuing of a reinforcement of a previously reinforced behaviour so that the behaivour returns to baseline or cease to occur
What is an everyday way to define extinction
No longer providing what made the behaviour occur until it goes back to how it was before or doesn’t happen
When communicating with people unfamiliar with ABA jargon, you generally want to
speak in language of the listener. describe procedures by people who implement them.
avoid ABA term if it will be confusing or off putting
Define Stimulus Control
An antecedent that alters the frequency, latency, duration or amplitude of a behaviour based on the presence or absence of this stimulus control
Define stimulus control in everyday language/ give example
A signal for you to change your behaviour
Seeing a stop sign or red light make you press the brakes
The best definition of extinction of behaviour maintained by attention using everyday language
ignoring the behavior you don’t like so it will happen less often
Before obtaining information about a client, a BCBA must
get written consent from the client before
Before obtaining written consent for an assessment, what should the BCBA should ensure that the client/surrogate understands
the procedure, who will partiipcate and how the reuslts will be used
Is it allowed to adopt procedures from other disciplines
yes - behaviour analysts develop intervention based on behavior analytic principles. However, it is appropriate to adopt the language with which the parent is most comfortable.
it may also be acceptable to use procedures from other disciplines if they are consistent with behavioural procedures and it is necessary to make the client receptive to intervention
When to use a punishment program
if the behaviour is dangerous, a punishment procedure is warranted if it is likely to be effective more then a positive program
if it includes reinfrocement and replacement behaviour it is okay.
What does a decrease in a risk/benefit ratio mean?
REDUCED RISK OR AN INCREASED BENEFIT
What are the guidelines to using certain reinfrocers?
avoid reinforcers that lead to long term or unhealthy effect
when possible avoid introducing somethig that will need to be removed.
When do you not require behavior analysis services and can reduce problem behaviour?
antecedent strategies like: activity schedule, prompts, redirecting problem behaviour, providing choice, goal-setting, appropriate task demand, modeling appropriate behaviour, giving clear instructions, setting and teaching positive rules for behavior and establishing a highly reinforcing environment
informal changes to environments
What to do when a program is not implemented with fidelity
- eliminate environmental constraints / or identify obstacles in doing so
- simplify program as long as it is not as effective
- increase frequency of visit
- reinforce parent implementation of program
What to do if parent want to reduce ABA hours when the program is effective
resolve service conflict in the best interest of client. Compromises in the intensity of intervention are not in the client best interests
Define stimulus generalization
antecedent stimulus that evoke same behaviour if it is similar
everyday example of sitmulus generalization
writing a test in a different classroom
Wha’ts better a high risk/benefit ratio or low risk/benefit ratio and why?
lower is better because it means lower risks
Higher is ratio is not good because higher risk
What makes someone a “client” for behavioural services
whomever directly receives the service
What is considered a stakeholder?
those invested or impacted by the behavior analysts services other then the client
A BCBA is responsible to take action when
individuals who are not clients are impacted
client are impacted
stakeholders
What should be in service contract
address elements of service provision
service contract usually do not include clinical information or antcipated outcomes
Are probono and bartered services allowed?
yes - probono ( service with no compensation) bartered services ( work for goods or services) are allowed as long as there is a specific service arrangement and it’s compliance with the code.
what needs to be done to make a referral
obtain consent
When can a BCBA terminate services with a client
when client no longer need the service/ is not benefiting from the service
harmed by continued service
if parent refuse to implement the behavior program, the client is not benefiting from the behavior analyst’s services
3 months of cancellations
List the process of transitioning a client
- Make appropriate effort to effectively manage the transition process
2 Provide a written plan identifying transition dates, activities, and responsible party - review transition plan throughout the transition process
- take appropriate steps during the transition to minimize disruption services
How long do supervisees need to retain their supervisory documentation
a minimum of 7 years and as otherwise required by law or other relevant parties
How long does the BCBA supervisor need to retain theier supervisees document
7 years
Supervisors must complete _________ hours of CE events in supervision per 2-year cycle
3 hours
When can BCBA use testimonials form current client and stakeholders
may use testimonials from a former or current client and stakeholder for non-advertising purposes, such as in fundraising or grant writing. in accordance with applicable laws.
Before publicly sharing digital content about clients what does a bcba have to ensure?
confidentiality
informed consent
use content for intended purpose and audience
When can BCBA use testimonials form current clientd and stakeholders
non-advertising purposes:
grant application
fundraising
disseminating info about aba
Guidelines for BCBA conducting research in context of service delivery
client services and welfare are proritized
those who carry out research are trained in research and human rights
What is the process of disseminating data
- inform consent for use of data before dissemination
- services will not be impacted by providing or wihholding consent
- withdraw consent without penalty
Research Consent consists of
voluntariness, capacity and information
What are the types of conflict of interests
