ethics Flashcards
What is vegetarianism?
Avoiding animal use
What are moral values?
Views about what is right and wrong
What are moral values influenced by?
‘Social ethics’
Professional ethics
Personal ethics from experience
Ethical theory
What does anthropocentric mean?
Humans can use animals as they wish for their own benefit
What are the 2 ethical theories?
Consequentialist
Deontological
What are the 3 branches of consequentialism?
Contractarian
Utilitarian
Respect for nature
What are the 2 branches of deontology?
Animal rights
Relational
Which ethical theory supports the idea that animals cannot enter into reciprocal agreements? that what matters is relative harm and benefit to us alone?
Contractarian
Which ethical theory distinguishes right and wrong action by its consequences in relation to happiness or pain? greatest good for the greatest number
utilitarianism
Which ethical theory supports the idea that animals’ lives matter to them? the right to direct their own lives, not to be killed, not to be used as a means to an end
animal rights
which ethical theory says consequences for species not individuals, species have value
respect for nature
which ethicsal view says it is a mutually beneficial relationship, animals depend on us for food and in return we use their products
relational
Which ethical theory supports the idea that harming animals can make humans more likely to harm other humans?
relational
What is the animal rights argument with respect to killing animals for food?
It is allowed if the animal has had a good life, is replaced and dies painlessly
Should we farm animals according to animal rights arguments?
No - most farming can’t satisfy their preferences
Do animals have a preference to keep living or die, according to animal rights arguments?
No - they are sentient but not self-aware
Do animals have a preference to keep living or die, according to animal rights arguments?
No - they are sentient but not self-aware
Do animals have a preference to keep living or die, according to animal rights arguments?
No - they are sentient but not self-aware
What are the 4 guiding principles from medical ethics?
Non-maleficence: doing no harm
Beneficence: promoting good
Autonomy: make choices about there actions
Justice: treating all animals and humans fair
What is the 6-point framework for action in medical ethics?
Identify all possible courses of action
Establish interests of all affected parties
Identify ethical issues involved
Establish legal position of dilemma
Choose logical course of action
Minimise impact of decision
What is an ethical matrix used for?
To try and evaluate ethical problems
What is represented by rows and columns in an ethical matrix?
What is represented by the intersections in an ethical matrix?
Rows - ethical theories
Columns - viewpoints of different parties
Dimensions of the ethical problem which helps to explore the ethical problem
Which 3 key ethical principles is Mepham’s matrix based on?
Wellbeing
Autonomy
Justice
What is the role of the vet in ethical decision making?
Use 6- and 4-point frameworks
Understand causes of ethical tension and set boundaries
Communication with owners
