Essentials of anatomy and physiology I Flashcards
mullers muscle has what type of innervation?
sympathetic
descemet’s membrane is located between what type structures in the cornea?
stroma and endothelium
from superficial to deep what are the layers of the cornea?
- epithelium
- bowman’s layer
- stroma
- descemet’s membrane
- endothelium
what makes up the uveal tract?
- iris
- ciliary body
- choroid
definition: scotoma
reduced or absent vision
hemianopia
loss of 1/2 of visual field
homonymous
either right or let visual field
lesion anterior to chiasm defect?
monocular loss
chiasmal lesion defect?
bitemporal hemianopia
lesion posterior to chiasm causes _________
homonymous hemianopia
why is there a cherry red spot with macular occlusion?
choroidal circulation moves
where in the lens does the metabolism occur?
epithelium
what is the effect of high glucose and low hexokinase in the eye?
shunts glucose to pathway using aldose reductase
what is the pathology associated with the sorbitol pathway in the eye?
- sorbital cannot diffuse out of lens and therefore an osmotic gradient for influx of water causes lens edema
- separation of lens fibers and loss of transparency, acute refractive changes and chronically, cataracts
- sorbitol is slowly converted to fructose which can diffuse out of the lens normalizing the lens shape, but generally requires up to 6 weeks
what is the distribution of refractory power in the eye?
- 2/3 cornea
- 1/3 lens
