Drugs of the eye I Flashcards
what is used topically for
- IOP
- corneal abrasion
- corneal ulcer
- keratitis
fluorescein
what is used IV for retinal disorders?
fluorescein
what are the indications for topical anesthetic agents?
- measuring IOP
- performing superficial surgery
- evaluating a painful eye
what do cholinergic blockers do to the eye?
dilation (parasympatholytic - iris sphincter)
what do adrenergic stimulants do to the eye?
dilation (sympathomimetic - iris dilator)
these systemic toxicities are from what type of agent?
- N/V
- flushing
- tachycardia
- diaphoresis
- vasomotor collapse
parasympatholytics
do sympathmimetic drugs affect accommodation?
no
what are general drugs used for treating allergic conjunctivitis?
- tear substitutes
- decongestants
- antihistamines
- mast cell stabilizers
what drug types are used for bacterial conjunctivitis?
- aminoglycosides
- erythromycin / azithromycin
- bacitracin
- fluoroquinolones
what drug type is cautioned in viral conjunctivitis?
topical corticosteroids
what is the key agent for acute closed angle glaucoma?
mannitol
what do BB do to treat glaucoma?
decreased aqueous production
what do cholinergic agonists do to treat glaucoma?
increases aqueous outflow through trabecular meshwork
pilocarpine is what type of drug?
cholinergic agonist
which drugs have irreversible side effects at recommended doses? what are the adverse effects?
- a1 blockers (floppy iris)
- tamoxifen (cornea, retina, ON rarely irreversible)
- ethambutol (optic neuropathy)
- corticosteroids (cataracts, glaucoma)
- chloroquine / hydroxychloroquine (maculopathy)
- amiodarone (non arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy)
- topiramate (angle closure glaucoma)
what can hydroxychloroquine do at recommended levels?
bulls eye maculopathy
what are the irreversible side effects at recommended doses of a1 blockers?
floppy iris
what are the irreversible side effects at recommended doses of tamoxifen?
cornea, retina, ON rarely irreversible
what are the irreversible side effects at recommended doses of ethambutol?
optic neuropathy
what are the irreversible side effects at recommended doses of corticosteroids?
cataracts, glaucoma
what are the irreversible side effects at recommended doses of chloroquine?
maculopathy (bulls eye)
what are the irreversible side effects at recommended doses of amiodarone?
non arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy
what are the irreversible side effects at recommended doses of topiramate?
angle closure glaucoma
