Escherichia Flashcards
What is the single most common facultative anaerobic gram negative bacteria that is part of the normal flora in the GI tract of animals
Escherichia Coli
E. Coli is motile with peritrichous _____ and _____
flagella and fimbriate
What pathogenesis does E. coli cause in almost every species it infects?
enteritis and septicemia
What pathogenesis does E. coli cause in pigs?
edema disease
True/False: E. coli causes an opportunistic infections of canine pyometra and cystitis as well as ruminant mastitis
True
*Staph aureus, Strep agalatia, and E coli are the causitive agents of mastitis
side note (Klebsiella, nocardia, truperella, and listeria are also possible causative agents of mastitis)
It is difficult to make vaccines against E. coli because the ___ antigens, that are part of the gram negative cell wall, create a lot of variability
O antigens
______ is released from the E. coli bacteria when they die and can lead to fever and septic shock in the animals
Lipid A
E. coli can have capsules (____ antigen), flagella (____antigen) and adhesins (___antigen)
capsule- K antigen
Flagella- H antigen
Adhesins- F or P antigen
*lots of different serotypes due to these possible antigens
finbria and pili are the adhesins that promote adherence to ____ on the epithelial cells of the intestinal tract and other target cells
glycoproteins
What is the most important immune component against E. coli?
The normal flora of the GI tract
*extremely important to avoid binding of these types of bacteria
_____(ETEC) is an E. coli adhesion that causes enteric disease and releases a toxin. This is for adhesion in the _____
enterotoxogenic, small intestine
_____(EIEC) mediates attach to the _____ cells to penetrate and cause dissemination throughout the body.
enteroinvasive, small intestine
_____(EAEC) forms a biofilm around the lumen of the _____ and does not allow for normal absorption and secretion, leading to diarrhea
enteroaggregative, small intestine
_____(EPEC) binds to the _____ in order to highjack the enterocyte and completely destroy the microvilli causing attaching and effacing lesions
enteropathogenic, small intestine
Enteropathogenic adhesions in the small intestine has a ____ forming pilus
bundle
Bfp
_____(EHEC) is an adhesion that utilized outer membrane protein A to bind to the _____. Causing attaching and effacing lesions
Enterohemorrhagic, large intestine
The enterohemorrhagic adhesions has ____membrane proteins
outer
OmpA
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli secretes what toxin?
Shiga-like toxin
Enterotoxins results in deregulation of water and electrolyte secretion resulting in ____ in neonates
diarrhea
How many toxins are produced by the enterotoxic E.coli?
three
_____ toxin binds to the endothelial cells and causes protein synthesis inhibition and death of the endothelial cells resulting in bloody diarrhea
Shiga-like toxin
Shiga like toxin inhibits ____
protein synthesis
Enteroinvasive E. coli produces a _____ necrotizing factor (CNF) that mediates the uptake of the bacteria by epithelial cells so they can disseminate
cytotoxic
______ encoded toxin is present in many different kinds of E. coli and cause damage to endothelial cells and results in diarrhea
Plasmid
Enterohemolysis is present in ______ E. coli
enterohemorrhagic
_______ is a secretion system with needle like structures that come out of the cell wall of the bacteria and secrete effector proteins into the extracellular environment or into host cells.
Type III secretion system
True/False: E. coli are part of the normal flora of the GI tract
True
How is E. coli transmitted?
fecal oral route
Most strains of E. coli do not cause disease, however they can _____virulence factors via transduction, conjugation, and transformation
Acquire
Enterotoxigenic diarrhea is present more in ____
neonates
If you visit a swine farm where there is a report of an outbreak on neonate pigs of watery diarrhea. You isolate a gram negative organism. What is at the top of your differentials?
Enterotoxogenic E. coli
In Enterotoxigenic Diarrhea, the E. Coli needs to produce both ____ and _____
adhesins and enterotoxins
*needs to adhere to enterocytes of the small intestine
Enterotoxigenic E. coli leads to ____diarrhea
watery
True/False: Large bowel cells are susceptible to the enterotoxigenic toxin
False
LARGE BOWEL CELLS ARE NOT SUSCEPTIBLE
True/False: Enterotoxigenic diarrhea leads to high mortality unless fluid and elecrolyte imbalance is corrected
True
Enteropathogenic E coli causes ____ and _____lesions
attaching and effacing lesions in the GI tract
*hallmark of the disease
_____ is responsible for intimate attachments via Tir with enteropathogenic E. coli
intimin
Once Enteropathogenic E. coli binds to the enterocytes that utilize _____systems that produce effacing lesions and diarrhea
Type III secretion system
_____ brings the bacteria very close to the enterocyte, which causes the collapse of the microvilli
intimin
Enterohemorragic E. coli causes attaching and effacing lesions in the _____ intestine
large
What is the main virulence factor of Enterohemorragic E. coli?
Shiga- like toxin
Enterohemorragic E. coli causes ____ diarrhea
hemorrhagic (bloody)
Enterohemorragic E. coli causes _____ in humans as a result of the shiga-like toxin
hemolytic uremic syndrome
Enterohemorragic E. coli has ____ potential. Need to make sure to cook your meat!
zoonotic
Enteroinvasive E. coli can be caused in neonates due to inadequate _____
colostrum
_______ E. coli posses CNF-1 that is very important virulence factor. CNF induces the bacterial uptake into the host cell so that it can disseminate
Enteroinvasive E. coli
The _____ is a very important virulence factor for Enteroinvasive E. coli so that it can escape phagocytosis and complement mediated lysis
capsule
_____ disease is often a fatal enterotoxemia of weaned pigs
Edema
What is the causative agent of edema disease in pigs?
enterohemorrhagic E. coli
*causes important mortality events in swine and effects the swine industry
What is the most important virulence factor in edema disease?
Shiga-like toxin
*extensive generalized edema
_____ of fowl is a widespread disease in birds that can cause embryonic death and is economically important for the poultry industry
colibacillosis
True/False: it is imperative that the dam be exposed to microorganisms before partuition for antibodies to be made for secretion into colostrum
True
You are able to grow E. coli in Blood agar and Maconkey agar. Ecoli is lactose ____ in Maconkey agar
positive
*will look purple
What does E. coli look like under the microscope
Gram negative rods with rounded ends
What agar is made specificaly for identification of E. coli?
Eosin Methylene blue agar
*will have green metallic sheen when positive
True/False: Fluid and elecrolyte therapy is a good treatment for E.coli
True
