Erythropoiesis & Growth Factors Flashcards
Hormone invloved in the stimulation of eythropoiesis
Erythropoetein
The name of the committed stem cell involved in the process of Erythropoiesis
Pronormoblast/ Proerythroblast
Outline the maturation sequence for erythrocytes.
Hemocytoblast (Stem Cells), Proerythroblasts, Erythroblasts, Normoblasts, Reticulocyte, Erythrocytes
Pronormoblast (Erythroblast), Basophillic Normoblasts (Prorubricyte), Polychromatic Erythroblasts (Rubricyte), Orthochromic Normoblasts (Metarubricyte), Reticulocyte (Polychromatophillic), Mature Erythrocytes
The name given to the movement of erythrocytes from the bone marrow and into the blood stream.
Diapedesis
Name of the stem cell involved in the process of erythropoiesis.
Hemocytoblast
Average life span of red blood cells
120 days
How long on average do red blood cells take to fully mature?
4-8 days
True or false, the process of Erythropoiesis is irreversible.
True
The site of Blood cell Production in 0-2 months prenatally
Yolk sac
The site of Blood Cell Production in 2-7 months prenatally
Liver, Spleen
The site of Blood Cell Production in 7-9 months prenatally
Bone Marrow
The site of Blood cell Production in childhood
Bone marrow of most or all bones
The site of Blood Cell Production in Adulthood 20>.
Bone Marrow of Flat Bones. (Illiac crest, skull, sternum etc)
What macromolecule deposition causes a decrease in erythropoiesis as age progresses?
Fat
The term used to describe when more RBC’s are produced than destroyed.
Polycythemia
What mechanism does erythropoeitin operate with
Negative Feedback Mechanism
What term is given to a decrease of oxygen in the blood which can trigger an increase in erythropoiesis
Hypoxia
What cell type can be used to find the erythropoietic activity in the blood
Reticulocyte
What is the name of the single class of primitive mother cell
Pluripotent Stem Cells
Pluripotent Stem Cells give rise to which two series of blood cells
Myeloid and Lymphoid series
What 5 characteristics develops during erythropoiesis
Haemoglobin Accumulation Nuclear Condensation Decreased Cell Size Decreased mRNA Morphologically Identifiable
How many RBCs are made per day
3.5 x 10^11 Cells per day
How many Neutrophils are made per day
10^11
How many Monocytes are made per day
8.4 x 10^9
How many Platelets are made per day
10^11
What is the normal Hematocrit percentage in males and females
47, 42 respectively
What is the normal red blood cell count in males and females
5.4,4.8
What is the normal Haemoglobin Level in males and females
16 and 14 respectively
Which organ is the O2 sensor located
Kidney
What organ produces Erythropoietin
Kidney
What part of the kidney releases erythropoietin
Pertibular interstitial Cells in other cortex
What classifies as a an increased erythropoietic activity seen as Reticulocyte percentage
Reticulocyte greater than 2.5%
Epic can increase blood viscosity which is a major contributor to which disease
Heart Disease
Erythropoietin is used to treat what disease
Anaemia in relation to chronic renal failures, AIDS or cancer chemotherapy
Epo can also lead to sudden death due to what 2 factors
Drastic Reduction in Heart Rate
Development of Epo Antibodies which can destroy RBCs
What factors decreases oxygenation
Low Blood Volume Anaemia Low Haemoglobin Poor Blood Flow Pulmonary Disease
What is the term given to the heterogeneous group of cytokines that stimulate the progenitor Cells and induce proliferation and maturation
Haemotopoietic Growth Factors
True or False, HGF’s Are naturally occurring hormones
True
True or False, HGF have a high molecular weight of glycoproteins
False, it is low
True or False, HGFs have varying degrees of specificity
True
True or False, RGFs are available in purified forms by DNA technology
True
True or False, RGFs are responsible for stimulation and release of other growth factors and cytokines
True
True or False, production equals destruction in erythropoiesis
True
What growth factors causes the growth and proliferation of pluripotent Stem Cells into commited or progenitor Cells
IL-1, IL-6, IL-3
What growth factor causes the production of RBCs and platelets from committed Stem Cells
GM-CSF
