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Basic Haemotology (1204) > Erythropoiesis & Growth Factors > Flashcards

Erythropoiesis & Growth Factors Flashcards

1
Q

Hormone invloved in the stimulation of eythropoiesis

A

Erythropoetein

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2
Q

The name of the committed stem cell involved in the process of Erythropoiesis

A

Pronormoblast/ Proerythroblast

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3
Q

Outline the maturation sequence for erythrocytes.

A

Hemocytoblast (Stem Cells), Proerythroblasts, Erythroblasts, Normoblasts, Reticulocyte, Erythrocytes

Pronormoblast (Erythroblast), Basophillic Normoblasts (Prorubricyte), Polychromatic Erythroblasts (Rubricyte), Orthochromic Normoblasts (Metarubricyte), Reticulocyte (Polychromatophillic), Mature Erythrocytes

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4
Q

The name given to the movement of erythrocytes from the bone marrow and into the blood stream.

A

Diapedesis

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5
Q

Name of the stem cell involved in the process of erythropoiesis.

A

Hemocytoblast

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6
Q

Average life span of red blood cells

A

120 days

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7
Q

How long on average do red blood cells take to fully mature?

A

4-8 days

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8
Q

True or false, the process of Erythropoiesis is irreversible.

A

True

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9
Q

The site of Blood cell Production in 0-2 months prenatally

A

Yolk sac

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10
Q

The site of Blood Cell Production in 2-7 months prenatally

A

Liver, Spleen

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11
Q

The site of Blood Cell Production in 7-9 months prenatally

A

Bone Marrow

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12
Q

The site of Blood cell Production in childhood

A

Bone marrow of most or all bones

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13
Q

The site of Blood Cell Production in Adulthood 20>.

A

Bone Marrow of Flat Bones. (Illiac crest, skull, sternum etc)

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14
Q

What macromolecule deposition causes a decrease in erythropoiesis as age progresses?

A

Fat

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15
Q

The term used to describe when more RBC’s are produced than destroyed.

A

Polycythemia

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16
Q

What mechanism does erythropoeitin operate with

A

Negative Feedback Mechanism

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17
Q

What term is given to a decrease of oxygen in the blood which can trigger an increase in erythropoiesis

A

Hypoxia

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18
Q

What cell type can be used to find the erythropoietic activity in the blood

A

Reticulocyte

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19
Q

What is the name of the single class of primitive mother cell

A

Pluripotent Stem Cells

20
Q

Pluripotent Stem Cells give rise to which two series of blood cells

A

Myeloid and Lymphoid series

21
Q

What 5 characteristics develops during erythropoiesis

A 
Haemoglobin Accumulation
Nuclear Condensation 
Decreased Cell Size 
Decreased mRNA
Morphologically Identifiable
22
Q

How many RBCs are made per day

A

3.5 x 10^11 Cells per day

23
Q

How many Neutrophils are made per day

A

10^11

24
Q

How many Monocytes are made per day

A

8.4 x 10^9

25
Q

How many Platelets are made per day

A

10^11

26
Q

What is the normal Hematocrit percentage in males and females

A

47, 42 respectively

27
Q

What is the normal red blood cell count in males and females

A

5.4,4.8

28
Q

What is the normal Haemoglobin Level in males and females

A

16 and 14 respectively

29
Q

Which organ is the O2 sensor located

A

Kidney

30
Q

What organ produces Erythropoietin

A

Kidney

31
Q

What part of the kidney releases erythropoietin

A

Pertibular interstitial Cells in other cortex

32
Q

What classifies as a an increased erythropoietic activity seen as Reticulocyte percentage

A

Reticulocyte greater than 2.5%

33
Q

Epic can increase blood viscosity which is a major contributor to which disease

A

Heart Disease

34
Q

Erythropoietin is used to treat what disease

A

Anaemia in relation to chronic renal failures, AIDS or cancer chemotherapy

35
Q

Epo can also lead to sudden death due to what 2 factors

A

Drastic Reduction in Heart Rate

Development of Epo Antibodies which can destroy RBCs

36
Q

What factors decreases oxygenation

A 
Low Blood Volume
Anaemia
Low Haemoglobin
Poor Blood Flow 
Pulmonary Disease
37
Q

What is the term given to the heterogeneous group of cytokines that stimulate the progenitor Cells and induce proliferation and maturation

A

Haemotopoietic Growth Factors

38
Q

True or False, HGF’s Are naturally occurring hormones

A

True

39
Q

True or False, HGF have a high molecular weight of glycoproteins

A

False, it is low

40
Q

True or False, HGFs have varying degrees of specificity

A

True

41
Q

True or False, RGFs are available in purified forms by DNA technology

A

True

42
Q

True or False, RGFs are responsible for stimulation and release of other growth factors and cytokines

A

True

43
Q

True or False, production equals destruction in erythropoiesis

A

True

44
Q

What growth factors causes the growth and proliferation of pluripotent Stem Cells into commited or progenitor Cells

A

IL-1, IL-6, IL-3

45
Q

What growth factor causes the production of RBCs and platelets from committed Stem Cells

A

GM-CSF

Basic Haemotology (1204) (16 decks)

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