Erikson/Kohlberg Flashcards
Infancy
trust vs. mistrust; developing security, optimism, and trust in others
Toddlerhood
autonomy vs. shame/doubt; developing a sense of independence
Early childhood
initiative vs. guilt; developing initiative to explore/ manipulate the environment
Middle childhood
Industry vs. inferiority; enjoyment and mastery of developmental tasks
Adolescence
Identity vs. role confusion; achievement of sense of role/ direction
Young adulthood
Intimacy vs. isolation; ability to maintain intimate personal relationships
Adulthood
generativity vs. stagnation; satisfaction of personal/familial needs, development of interest in the welfare of others/ world in general
Aging
Ego integrity vs. despair; recognizing and adjusting to aging/ prospect of death with a sense of satisfaction about the past
conventional stage of moral development
societal values; what does society approve/disapprove of?
post-conventional stage of moral development
internal moral principles; what upholds fundamental moral principles, something is right if more people benefit than are hurt and is wrong is more people are harmed than benefit
preconventional stage of moral development
rewards/punishments
Criticisms of Kohlberg
culturally biased(collective vs. individual cultures)
sex bias(male oriented definition of morality)
low correlation between moral dilemmas and real world moral behaviour (0.3)
can’t be falsified
high correlation between moral dilemmas and verbal intelligence, so are we actually measuring morality?
fundamental moral principles
autonomy, not making choices for others, making choices for yourself, protection from harm, fairness, justice, equal treatment, equal outcome, proportionality between effort put in and outcome
