equilibria 5.6 Flashcards
what symbol indicates when a reaction is reversible
two-headed arrow ⇌
what is a closed system
no energy is added and none can escape
what happens when a reversible reaction takes place in a closed system
a state of equilibrium will be reached
what is dynamic equilibrium
the reactions are still continuing but at the same rate
what does equilibrium mean
the concentrations of reactants and products remain unchanged
what is the equilibrium position
the resulting balance of products and reactants in an equilibrium mixture
what variables shift the equilibrium left or right
amounts of reactants or products
pressure
temperature
what is le Chatelier’s principle
the equilibrium shifts to contract any change imposed on it
what happens to equilibrium when substance is added
shifts in whichever direction uses it up
what happens to equilibrium when substance is removed
shifts in whichever direction creates it
what happens to equilibrium when pressure is increased
shifts to whichever side has the fewest moles of gas
what happens to equilibrium when pressure is decreased
shifts to whichever side has the most moles
what happens to equilibrium when temp is increased
shifts to whichever direction is endothermic
what happens to equilibrium when temp is decreased
shifts to whichever direction is exothermic
what effect do catalysts have on the position of equilibrium
no effect, it increases the rate both forwards and backwards reactions
