Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Histology Definition

Answer 1

the study of tissues; aim to understand microanatomy of cells, organs and tissues

Question 2

Preparation of tissue

Answer 2

1. Removal of tissue via biopsy/autopsy
2. Fixation of tissue - preservation of cells in fixatives (fomalin-formaldehyde)
3. Embedding - set in paraffin block
4. Slice and mounting tissue on a slide
5. Staining and viewing; paraffin is melted then stained

Question 3

Haemotoxylin and Eosin (H&E)

Answer 3

nuclei are stained purple (haematoxylin) other structures are pink (eosin)

Question 4

Types of primary tissue

Answer 4

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 5

Epithelial tissue

Answer 5

Covers and protects - forms boundaries 
Covering and lining epithelium (skin, lining of cavities)
Glandular epithelium (glands)
Avascular
Innervated
Ability to regenerate

Question 6

Cell Layers

Answer 6

single, stratified, pseudostratified

Question 7

single cell layer

Answer 7

only one layer of cells

Question 8

stratified layer

Answer 8

multiple layers

Question 9

Pseudostratified

Answer 9

looks like multiple layers; only has one

Question 10

Cell shapes

Answer 10

squamous, cuboidal, columnar, transitional

Question 11

Squamous cells

Answer 11

thin and flat

Question 12

Cuboidal

Answer 12

square, nucleus sits in the middle

Question 13

Columnar

Answer 13

tall, oval nuclei towards the bottom

Question 14

Transitional

Answer 14

can change shape; found in urinary system

Question 15

Simple squamous epithelium: function

Answer 15

diffusion, filtration, some secretion

Question 16

Simple squamous epithelium: locations

Answer 16

alveoli, serous membranes and pleura, pericardium and peritoneum

Question 17

Simple cuboidal epithelium: function

Answer 17

(may have microvilli, cilia)

Absorption, secretion, movement

Question 18

Simple cuboidal epithelium: locations

Answer 18

kidney tubules, terminal bronchioles

Question 19

Simple columnar epithelium: function

Answer 19

(some have cilia)

absorption, secretion, movement

Question 20

Simple columnar epithelium: locations

Answer 20

intestines, stomach, fallopian tubes

Question 21

Transitional epithelium

Answer 21

(sometimes resembles stratified sqaumous/cuboidal depending on state)
Accommodates changes in fluid volume in organs

Question 22

Stratified squamous

Answer 22

Basal cells are cuboidal - become progressively flatter towards the surface
> keratinized
> non-keratinized

Question 23

Stratified squamous: functions

Answer 23

protection against abrasions and loss of water

Question 24

Stratified squamous: locations

Answer 24

Keratinized: soles of the feet, palms, skin

Non-keratinized: mouth, oesophagus, anus, vagina

Question 25

Stratified columnar: functions

Answer 25

absorption, secretion, protection

Question 26

Stratified columnar: locations

Answer 26

ducts of the mammory glands, larynx, part of the male urethra

Question 27

Pseudostratified columnar: functions

Answer 27

secretion, movement

Question 28

Pseudostratified columnar: locations

Answer 28

pharynx, trachea, male’s sperm carrying duct

Question 29

Non-existent cell types

Answer 29

simple transitional, pseudostratified squamous, pseudostratified cuboidal, pseudostratified transitional