Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

Define tissue

Answer 1

A group of similar cells usually having a common embryotic origin, function together to carry out specialized activities

Question 2

What are the advantages to tissue formation

Answer 2

Division of labor
Specialization: leads to efficiency
If All you do is digestion, you can do it better than if you have to do other functions as well

Question 3

What are the four major districts

Answer 3

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Question 4

What are characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Answer 4

Two major types: epithelia (covering or lining) and glands.
Regenerative: high mitotic rate
A large amount of cells
Polar - cells have an apical and basal surface

Question 5

Functions of epithelial tissue

Answer 5

Protection- from physical and chemical trauma
Transportation-filtration , secretion, excretion, absorption
Miscellaneous- digestion, sensory reception, reproduction, lubrication, temperature regulation

Question 6

What are the classification characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 6

Number of layers- simple, stratified, pseudostratified
Cell shape- squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Surface modifications- cilia, flagella, microvilli

Question 7

Function and location of simple squamous

Answer 7

Very thin, for diffusion, osmosis, filtration.
Endothelium: type of SS, lines Blood vessels, lymph vessels and heart.
Mesothelium: type of SS, part of serous membrane , covers organs and lines body cavities

Lung, veins

Question 8

Function and location of simple cuboidal

Answer 8

Secretion and absorption, ducts of small glands

Kidney, Salivary Gland

Question 9

Function and location of simple columnar

Answer 9

Functions and active transport, secretion, stronger than cuboidal (ducts of some glands, stomach)
Ciliated: full opian tube, small bronchi
Microvilli: for absorption, intestines

Digestive and respiratory tracts

Question 10

Function and location of stratified squamous

Answer 10

Strongest epithelium in the body, pleased in areas of great wear and tear, too thick for absorption
Skin, Mouth, esophagus, vagina, anus

Question 11

Function and location of transitional cells

Answer 11

Tissue is stratified, cells range from squamous to cuboidal and appearance. Has an ability to expand without tearing.
Only found in urinary system, bladder, portions of ureter, urethra

Question 12

Function and location of pseudostratified cells

Answer 12

Appears stratified but is simple, all cells touch basement membrane. Strongest among simple type. Almost always ciliated and has goblet cells for good protection, not for absorption
Found in nasal cavity, trachea and bronchi

Question 13

Function of glandular epithelium

Answer 13

Secrete: tissue is modified and specialized for secretion

Question 14

Endocrine versus exocrine glands

Answer 14

Endocrine -release hormone into blood
Exocrine- release substance via ducks and free service or lining EG mucus, sweat, oil, saliva, enzymes

Question 15

Structural classification of exocrine glands

Answer 15

Clans can be single cells or multicellular

Question 16

Function and types of single cell exocrine gland

Answer 16

Goblet cells- are single-celled glands, secrete mucin to lubricate services

Question 17

Function and type of multicellular exocrine glands

Answer 17

Ducts - can be simpler or compound
Secondary unit – can be tubular or aviolar

Question 18

Functional classifications of exocrine glands

Answer 18

Merocrine - sells release product by exocytosis (pancreas)

Apocrine apical portion of cells pinched off with product (mammary)

Holocrine - wholesales are released with their contents (subcutaneous glands)

Question 19

What is a special name for simple squamous?

Answer 19

Mesothelium

Question 20

Function and location on stratified cuboidal

Answer 20

The excretory ducts of salivary and sweat gland