Episodic Memory Flashcards
Type of magnetic stimulation
TMS
Type of electrical stimulation
Deep brain stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation (TES)-tDCS and tACS
About TES
TES modulates the threshold of firing neurons. It can excite/inhibit then depending on the protocol. Doesn’t induce firing
What is episodic memory?
The ability to form rapidly form conscious memories of experience
What is chronedthesia?
A hypothetical brain/mind ability/capacity acquired through evolution. Allows people to be constantly aware of past/future. Work of tulving
What is context reinstatement?
Retrieval is dependent on encoding and retrieval information.
Thompson and tulving 1973. Recognize bee…
What did Godwin et al 1969 do?
Better recalling in the same state- drunk/sober
What did Morris bransford and franks 1977 do?
Can’t be passive interaction, need to actively engage. With rhyme/semantic words which recall is better. 20% higher semantic
What did wheeler et al 2000 do
Visual memories activists the visual association cortex, remembering auditory info activated auditory cortex
What did nairne 2002 do?
I correlation between encoding retrieval match and memory success. Memory retrieval involves discrimination between highly similar traces. Low cue distinctiveness e.g. Who did I see the women I saw with glasses yesterday. High distinctiveness do you recognize this person? Recognize it the most when have high cue trace overlap and high distinctiveness
What did mandler 1980 do?
Familarity: assessment of memory strength of a particular item
Recollection: retrieval of contextual details associated with that item
What is dual process and single process?
Dual process: familarity and recollection are independent
Single process: familarity is a weak from of recollection
Learn about this through neuroimaging
What’s the DM paradigm? Ranganath et al 2004?
Hipposcamohs is involved with recognition and memory. Encode words-scan them when presented in red/green.
Recognition is in Perihinal cortex
What did Eldridge et al 2000 do?
Participants only rememebetrf responses activated by the hippocampus
The is the hippocampus as a binding hub?
Binds low level features and item memories into highly differentiated unique episodic memories
What did Tulving and pearl stone 1966 propose?
Available vs accessible
Don’t have enough cues
What did coon 2009 do?
Only retain 50% of info after 1 hour, 6 days later 30%…
Interference increases with no of days
What is retriavk induced forgetting paradigm?
By Anderson and bjok 1994.
Learn multiple categories explemers practice them. Test then showed impaired memory for exemplars in same caragory but not differenct
What did Nadel and land 2000 do?
Reactivating memory and chemical that impairs memory formation can wipe memory. Suggest activated memories become instable.
What did deese 1959 do?
Semantically induced false memories. False memory through semantic associations e.g. Given a list of words to do with a chair, participants will falsely remember chair
What is imagination inflation?
Imagining different events increases participants confidence it occurred.
Study phase: word and imagine picture, then ask if saw a pic of it. They did sometimes
What did Wagner et al 2005 find?
Similar activation in true and false memories
What is loftus misinformation effect 1974
Loftus and palmer car crash, hit or smashed and later did you see broken glass
