Epilepsy Syndromes

Question 1

Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

Answer 1

Childhood; tonic, atonic, myoclonic, generalized tonic-clonic, absence; intellectual disability; slow (1 to 2 per second) spike and wave discharges; valproic acid, lamotrigine, felbamate, fufinamide

Question 2

Benign rolandic epilepsy

Answer 2

childhood; simple partial involving mouth and face, generalized tonic-clonic; nocturnal preponderance of seizures; centrotemporal spikes; carbamazepine, sometimes no treatment

Question 3

Absence epilepsy

Answer 3

childhood and adolesence; absence, generalized clonic-tonic; hyperventilliation as trigger; 3 per sec generalized spike and wave; ethosuximide, valproic acid

Question 4

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Answer 4

adolescence and young adulthood; myoclonic, absence, generalized tonic-clonic; early morning preponderance of seizures; 4 to 6 per second polyspike and wave; valproic acid, lamotrigine, levetiracetam