Epidemiology: Community Health

Question 1

Cases of single-exposure, common-vehicle outbreaks (are/are not) ___________ limited to individuals that share the common exposure.

Answer 1

Are

Question 2

Herd immunity will not work in a disease in which the organism can survive on a outside of the human host.

Answer 2

Reservoir

Question 3

(Active/Passive) disease surveillance occurs when a hired project staff visit healthcare facilities or communities in which a disease has been reported and seek to identify new cases or deaths due to the disease being observed.

Answer 3

Active

Question 4

In herd immunity, the likelihood of transmitting disease within the community is (small/large) due to the unlikeliness of the disease coming into contact with an individual who is unvaccinated.

Answer 4

Small

Question 5

When investigating an acute outbreak, preparing a written report of the findings occurs (before/after) communicating to those involved in policy development.

Answer 5

Before

Question 6

Single-exposure, outbreaks are characteristically explosive in nature.

Answer 6

Common-vehicle

Question 7

In order for herd immunity to work, a (small/large) ________ percentage of the population must be vaccinated or immune to the diseases at risk for attack.

Answer 7

Large

Question 8

There are two forms of disease surveillance, one using available data, and the other using hired project staff to report. Respectively, these are known as: forms of disease surveillance.

Answer 8

Passive and active

Question 9

The leading cause of food-borne-related illness contamination in the United States is .

Answer 9

Norovirus

Question 10

When an individual is subject to an infectious agent once, it is regarded as exposure.

Answer 10

Single

Question 11

(Active/Passive) disease surveillance is the more accurate form.

Answer 11

Active

Question 12

When an individual is subject to an infectious agent more than once, it is regarded as exposure.

Answer 12

Multiple

Question 13

(Active/Passive) disease surveillance occurs when the health care provider or district health officer uses available data on the disease being observed.

Answer 13

Passive

Question 14

Looking for combinations of variables occurs (before/after) generating hypotheses when investigating an acute outbreak.

Answer 14

Before

Question 15

________ immunity occurs when the majority of a population is vaccinated against a certain disease, allowing the entire population to be resistant to attack by the disease, including those who are not unvaccinated.

Answer 15

Herd

Question 16

___________ is a method by which investigators can determine what agent caused an acute outbreak.

Answer 16

Cross-tabulation

Question 17

Outbreaks of acute are popular on cruise ships.

Answer 17

Gastroenteritis

Question 18

The (first/last) step in investigating an acute outbreak is to define the outbreak.

Answer 18

First

Question 19

Disease is used to monitor the risk factors of a disease, including environmental, as well as changes in disease incidence and prevalence.

Answer 19

Surveillance

Question 20

If an outbreak occurs within a group of people who were all exposed to the same entity, it is known as a ____________ exposure.

Answer 20

Common-vehicle

Question 21

Herd immunity works best when the population (stays the same/mixes together) ________________.

Answer 21

Mixes together

Question 22

Defining the number of cases and the affected population occurs in the (first/last) step of an acute outbreak investigation.

Answer 22

First