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Biostatistics And Epidemiology > BIOSTATS: INTRODUCTORY > Flashcards

BIOSTATS: INTRODUCTORY Flashcards

1
Q

A (reliable/valid) test is the test that gives similar results on repetition.

A

RELIABLE

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2
Q

The measures the number of standard deviations that separate a certain value from the mean.

A

Z score

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3
Q

Among all the methods of estimating the central tendency, the (mean/median/mode) is the most sensitive to outliers.

A

Mean

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4
Q

The standard deviation measures the distribution of the data around the (mean/median) .

A

Mean

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5
Q

When events are (dependent/independent) , the probability of one to happen does not affect the probability of the other occurring.

A

Independent

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6
Q

Coefficient of variation is obtained by dividing the by the mean.

A

standard deviation

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7
Q

The (mean/median/mode) of a certain set of values is the value that is most repeated.

A

Mode

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8
Q

When we say the test is (valid/precise) , this means that it measures what it is supposed to measure correctly.

A

Valid

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9
Q

When numeric data is said to be (discrete/continuous) , this means that there are no intermediary values.

A

Discrete

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10
Q

The (variance/range) is the result of subtracting the lower value of the data set from the highest value.

A

Range

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11
Q

The curves in which most of the data is distributed near the mean, are called (leptokurtic/platykurtic) curves.

A

Leptokurtic

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12
Q

The hair color of a particular population is an example of data.

A

Nominal

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13
Q

(Dependent/independent) variables are usually plotted on the x-axis in various graphs.

A

Independent

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14
Q

The height of a certain group of students is an example of data.

A

Ratio

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15
Q

When most of the data is distributed (close to/away from) the mean, it is called a platykurtic curve.

A

Away from

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16
Q

bias results from nonrandomized selection of the sample.

A

Selection

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17
Q

In negatively skewed curves, the mode is (higher/lower) than the mean.

A

Higher

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18
Q

Assessing the grade of pain on a scale from one to ten is an example of data.

A

Ordinal

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19
Q

The square root of variance is called the .

A

Standard deviation

20
Q

mean is used to measure the rate by which the variables change over time.

A

Geometric

21
Q

The probability of having either event X or event Y can be calculated by (adding up/subtracting) the two probabilities, assuming that X and Y are mutually exclusive.

A

Adding up

22
Q

When the probability that two events will happen together at the same time is zero, they are called events.

A

Mutually exclusive

23
Q

The variable that induces changes in other variables is called the (dependent/independent) variable.

A

Independent

24
Q

Any probability must lie between zero and (value) .

A

One

25
Q

In positively skewed curves, the mode is (higher/lower) than the mean.

A

Lower

26
Q

Platykurtic curves have (increased/decreased) standard deviation.

A

Increased

27
Q

When calculating the probability that two independent events will happen together, we have to (multiply/divide) the probability of the two events.

A

Multiply

28
Q

___________ mean is the mean of a certain set of data after eliminating the extreme values.

A

Trimmed

29
Q

The (mean/median/mode) is the middle number in a range of values after arranging them numerically.

A

Median

30
Q

error results from the variability within the selected sample that does not reflect the variability within the general population.

A

Sampling

31
Q

Changing sample size (increases/decreases/has no effect on) selection bias.

A

Has no effect on

32
Q

Assessing the (mean/median/mode) is the only method for estimating the central tendency of nominal data.

A

Mode

33
Q

In ordinal data, the difference between the values is not essentially the same, that is why the (mean/median/mode) is not usually a valid representation of the central tendency.

A

Mean

34
Q

The (mean/median/mode) is the least affected by outliers when compared to other methods of expressing the central tendency.

A

Mode

35
Q

When the skew of a non-Gaussian curve is toward the left, it is called a (positively/negatively) negatively skewed curve.

A

Negatively

36
Q

data includes numeric values that do not have a true zero, thus cannot be expressed as ratios.

A

Interval

37
Q

In a (Gaussian/non-Gaussian) curve, mean, median, and mode are all equal.

A

Gaussian

38
Q

(Increasing/Decreasing) the sample size can eliminate sampling bias.

A

Increasing

39
Q

Trimmed mean is especially useful in avoiding the deceiving effect of the .

A

Outliers

40
Q

mean is used to obtain the mean of different samples and takes into consideration the size of each sample.

A

Weighted

41
Q

A curve with two peaks is called a curve.

A

Bimodal

42
Q

The mean is calculated by summing up all the values in the data set then (dividing/multiplying) by the number of these values.

A

Dividing

43
Q

mean is used to estimate the mean of multiple sets of interval data.

A

Approximate

44
Q

Categorical data includes and ordinal data.

A

Nominal

45
Q

Leptokurtic curves have (increased/decreased) standard deviation.

A

Decreased

46
Q

When numeric data is said to be (discrete/continuous) , this means that there are intermediary values.

A

Continuous

Biostatistics And Epidemiology (9 decks)

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