BIOSTATS: NON PARAMETRIC TESTS

Question 1

In a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, to be means that the total survival time for a subject cannot be determined.

Answer 1

Censored

Question 2

A chi-square test is a type of (nonparametric/parametric) test.

Answer 2

No parametric

Question 3

The exact test uses a 2x2 design of categorical data.

Answer 3

Fisher’s

Question 4

A chi-square test determines associations between (categorical/continuous) values.

Answer 4

Categorical

Question 5

The data in a chi-square test is analyzed using (proportions/means) .

Answer 5

Proportions

Question 6

The status at last observation and the time to event are two pieces of data needed for each subject plotted on a Kaplan-Meier curve to measure over time.

Answer 6

Survival

Question 7

The kappa coefficient is equal to if the two raters are in agreement.

Answer 7

One

Question 8

The exact test calculates the exact p-value and can be used when there is a small sample size.

Answer 8

Fisher’s

Question 9

The coefficient accounts for the fact that raters can agree by chance or due to uncertainty.

Answer 9

Kappa

Question 10

If two variables are highly correlated, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient will be (high/low) .

Answer 10

High

Question 11

A Kaplan-Meier estimate is a (parametric/non-parametric) statistic.

Answer 11

Non-parametric

Question 12

If changing one variable causes change in the matched variable, then the variables are .

Answer 12

Corelated

Question 13

If two variables are highly opposed, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient will be (high/low) .

Answer 13

Low

Question 14

A estimate is a statistic that can be used to measure survival over time.

Answer 14

Kaplan-meier

Question 15

If a Spearman correlation is , then the variables being compared are monotonically related, although their relationship does not have to be linear.

Answer 15

One

Question 16

Inter-rater is tested by the kappa statistic to demonstrate that different data collectors assign the same score to the same variable.

Answer 16

Reliability (or agreement)

Question 17

The Fisher’s exact test calculates the exact p-value and can be used when there is a (small/large) sample size.

Answer 17

Small

Question 18

The Kaplan-Meier estimate demonstrates over time.

Answer 18

Survival

Question 19

The null hypothesis in a chi-square test is that there (is/is not) a difference between what is observed and what is expected.

Answer 19

Is not

Question 20

The coefficient is a measurement to determine agreement between two raters.

Answer 20

Kappa

Question 21

The Fisher’s exact test calculates the exact and can be used when there is a small sample size.

Answer 21

P-value

Question 22

The Fisher’s exact test uses a 2x2 design of (categorical/nominal) data.

Answer 22

Categorical

Question 23

The Spearman’s rank correlation is a (parametric/non-parametric) measure.

Answer 23

Non-parametric

Question 24

The kappa coefficient is a measure of between raters and is equal to the accuracy minus the probability of chance agreement, divided by one minus the probability of chance agreement.

Answer 24

Agreement

Question 25

In developing a estimate to determine survival, a subject can have the event of interest or be censored.

Answer 25

Kaplan-meier

Question 26

The formula for a chi-square test is equal to the sum of the observed minus the expected squared, divided by the .

Answer 26

Expected