BIOSTATS: NON PARAMETRIC TESTS Flashcards
In a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, to be means that the total survival time for a subject cannot be determined.
Censored
A chi-square test is a type of (nonparametric/parametric) test.
No parametric
The exact test uses a 2x2 design of categorical data.
Fisher’s
A chi-square test determines associations between (categorical/continuous) values.
Categorical
The data in a chi-square test is analyzed using (proportions/means) .
Proportions
The status at last observation and the time to event are two pieces of data needed for each subject plotted on a Kaplan-Meier curve to measure over time.
Survival
The kappa coefficient is equal to if the two raters are in agreement.
One
The exact test calculates the exact p-value and can be used when there is a small sample size.
Fisher’s
The coefficient accounts for the fact that raters can agree by chance or due to uncertainty.
Kappa
If two variables are highly correlated, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient will be (high/low) .
High
A Kaplan-Meier estimate is a (parametric/non-parametric) statistic.
Non-parametric
If changing one variable causes change in the matched variable, then the variables are .
Corelated
If two variables are highly opposed, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient will be (high/low) .
Low
A estimate is a statistic that can be used to measure survival over time.
Kaplan-meier
If a Spearman correlation is , then the variables being compared are monotonically related, although their relationship does not have to be linear.
One
Inter-rater is tested by the kappa statistic to demonstrate that different data collectors assign the same score to the same variable.
Reliability (or agreement)
The Fisher’s exact test calculates the exact p-value and can be used when there is a (small/large) sample size.
Small
The Kaplan-Meier estimate demonstrates over time.
Survival
The null hypothesis in a chi-square test is that there (is/is not) a difference between what is observed and what is expected.
Is not
The coefficient is a measurement to determine agreement between two raters.
Kappa
The Fisher’s exact test calculates the exact and can be used when there is a small sample size.
P-value
The Fisher’s exact test uses a 2x2 design of (categorical/nominal) data.
Categorical
The Spearman’s rank correlation is a (parametric/non-parametric) measure.
Non-parametric
The kappa coefficient is a measure of between raters and is equal to the accuracy minus the probability of chance agreement, divided by one minus the probability of chance agreement.
Agreement
In developing a estimate to determine survival, a subject can have the event of interest or be censored.
Kaplan-meier
The formula for a chi-square test is equal to the sum of the observed minus the expected squared, divided by the .
Expected
