EPG: Chapter 9 - Materials and Resources Flashcards
LEED Green Associate Exam Preparation Guide LEED v4 Edition - Key Terms and Concepts in Chapter
Goals of the MR category are ____ conservation, a ____ approach, environmentally _____ products, and waste _____.
material / life-cycle / preferable / management
The focus in the MR category has widened to encourage the selection of products based on _____ attributes across their entire life cycles.
multiple
as opposed to individual characteristics of materials, such as extraction, location, or recycled content
chain of custody
a number issued by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and assigned to each order of certified wood purchased by a consumer
cradle to cradle Certified (C2C)
a product certification program for assessing and constantly improving products by requiring product ingredients to be disclosed to an independent, accredited C2C assessor.
cradle to gate
a term describing the system boundaries of a LCA that covers all activities from the beginning of its production up to the factory gate
disclosure
the revealing of product or material information to a person or group for the use of making informed decisions
environmental product declaration (EPD)
a standardized, internationally recognized, comprehensive tool for providing info on a product’s environmental impact, based on an ISO-compliant LCA and can be verified by a third party.
Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)
a third-party certifiction body that certifies wood is cut from a sustainably managed forest
GreenScreen
a hazard assessment method that evaluates individual chemicals. Chemicals are assigned 1-4 main categories. Benchmark 1 is for chemicals substances known to be associated with certain health problems and are of the highest concern, while Benchmark 4 is for chemicals with the lowest level of concern.
Health Product Declaration (HPD)
An open standard for reporting product ingredients and their associated health hazards.
life-cycle approach
a method of looking at a project from the perspective of its entire life-cycle and not just its useful application by assessing supply chains, efficiency, pay-back- environmental impact, and recyclability.
materials reuse
the reuse of materials whose lifetime has been extended to be used for the same purpose for which they were designed.
optimization
the process of improving a product or material to meet specific performance goals
postconsumer recycled content
material that has experienced a useful life and has been recycled by a consumer, such as paper, aluminum, and plastic.
preconsumer recycled content
material from manufacturing waste that can be created into a new product. aka postindustrial recycled content
rapidly renewable materials
fiber or animal-based material that can be grown, harvested, and manufactured in 10 years or less
regional material
material that is extracted, manufactured, and purchased within 100 miles (160 km) of a project site.
What are the 5 categories that the C2C rewards achievements for?
What are the 5 C2C levels?
Material health, material reutilization, renewable energy and carbon management, water stewardship, and social fitness.
C2C levels: Basic, Bronze, Silver, Gold, and Platinum.
Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)
European Union (EU) legislation that requires all chemicals sold in quantity in EU countries to be registered in a central database and prioritized for evaluation and possible avoidance based on their hazard profile. REACH is an alternative compliance path for international projects
source reduction
the process of designing products, activities, and systems to reduce waste and toxicity to the environment and human health for long-lasting effects
Also known as material conservation.
sustainable forestry
the practice of managing forest resources to meet the long-term product needs of humans while maintaining the biodiversity of forested landscapes
waste diversion
the amount of waste diverted from the landfill expressed in tons.
waste management plan
a plan included in the construction docuemnts for a project that identifies the amount of construction waste that will be divered from the landfill and where it will go.
What are the two types of LCAs?
Life Cycle Assessments
- whole-building LCA
- product or material LCA
PCRs
product category rules.
data used in an LCA; set of specific rules, requirements, and guidelines based on ISO specifications for developing environmental declarations for one or more product categories.
EPDs
Environmental Product Declarations.
a standardized, comprehensive tool for providing info on a product’s environmental impact, based on an ISO-compliant LCA. They must outline the results of the LCA and contain criteria defined in the PCR.
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
Type III EPD
an EPD that has been independently verified by a third party according to ISO 14025 standards.
HPDs
Health Product Declarations.
impartial tool for the accurate reporting of product contents and the relationship of each ingredient to human and ecological health. also need to disclose the supply chain by manufacturers and suppliers.
The MR Credit - Building Life-Cycle Impact Reduction provides project teams the option to reuse ____, ____, or _____ buildings. Other options include ____ building materials or conducting ____ building LCA.
historic, abandoned, or blighted
reusing
whole
Historic building reuse receives up to how many points?
6 points
Maintaining at least ____% of an abandoned or blighted building receives up to _____ points.
50%
6 points
Reusing ____ - ____ % of off-site, salvaged building materials receives up to _____ points.
25-75%
5 points
New construction buildings that conduct whole-building LCA and whose structure and enclosure demonstrates a minimum of ___% reduction compared with a reference building can achieve up to ___ points. (at least ____ of six impact measures, one of which must be global warming potential)
10%
3 points
3
What are “environmentally preferable materials”?
materials that have reduced effects on building occupant health and the environment.
Environmentally preferable materials you should look for have the following characteristics:
- _____ energy use from material transportation
- ____ grown and harvested
- Intended _____ uses that diver waste from landfills
- _____ content
- Made of ___ based material
- _____ ingredients
- Long-lasting, durable, _____
- Made in ____ responsible factories
- reduced
- sustainably
- end-of-life
- recycled
- bio (based)
- known
- reusable
- socially
For the MR Credits around Building Product Disclosure and Optimization, what are the two options to achieve points toward LEED certification?
- disclosure (of product info)
2. optimization (environmentally preferable attributes)
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations
Option 1: _____ Declaration
Requires selecting ____ building products and materials from at least ____ manufacturers that meet ___ of 3 disclosure criteria. What are the three criteria?
Environmental 20 5 1 3 criteria: - Product-Specific Declaration - EPD - USGBC-approved program
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Environmental Product Declarations
Option 2: ______ Optimization
Requires selecting products that demonstrate impact reduction below industry average in at least ___ categories.
Multi-attribute
3
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials
Option 1: Disclosure
Project teams earn a point by using at least ____ permanently installed products from at least ____ manufacturers who report info on human and ecological impacts. (ie extraction practices)
20
5
Raw material report from the manufacturer themselves is valued at ____ of a product for credit achievement calculation, while a report from a third-party-verified corporate sustainability report (CSR) is valued at a ____ product.
one-half / full
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Sourcing of Raw Materials
Option 2: Optimization
Requires optimizing the attraction of new resources or ____ or ____ extraction of new resources. Examples?
limiting or eliminating
Examples include:
- using new wood products certified by the Forest Stewardship Council
- biobased materials meeting the Sustainable Agricultural Network (SAN) Sustainable Agriculture Standard.
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Material Ingredients
Option 1: Material Ingredients ______
Can receive ____ point for using _____ different permanently installed products from at least _____ different manufacturers that list the chemical ingredients down to at least ____% (____ ppm).
Which 4 programs can be used to demonstrate chemical inventory?
Reporting 1 point 20 5 0.1% (1000 ppm) Programs that can be used for chemical inventory report: - manufacturer's inventory - Health Product Declaration - Cradle to Cradle Certified - another USGBC-approved program
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Material Ingredients
Option 2: Ingredient Optimization
Awards ____ point(s) towards material ingredient optimization for at least _____% by cost, of the total value of permanently installed products in the project. It encourages the use of products that do not contain potentially problematic ingredients. Product documentation must follow which paths? (4 total)
1 point
25%
Paths to follow:
- GreenScreen v1.2 Benchmark
- Cradle to Cradle Certified
- International Alternative Compliance Path - REACH Optimization
- another USGBC-approved program
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Material Ingredients
Option 3: Supply Chain Optimization
Awards ___ point(s) sourced from manufacturers engaged in safety, health, hazard, and risk programs. ____% (by weight) of the ingredients must be documented that were used to make the products or materials. Products must be sourced from manufacturers that are ____ verified.
1 point
99%
third-party
MR Credit - Building Product Disclosure & Optimization - Material Ingredients
Options 2 and 3 also include a ______ factor for credit achievement calculation. It values products and materials extracted, manufactured, and purchased within ____ miles of the project site at ____% of their base contributing cost.
location valuation
100 (miles)
200 %
USGBC recommends a sustainable purchasing policy that includes the following strategies:
- Identifying ____ sources of environmentally preferable materials
- Developing a sustainable materials _____
- Specifying _____ cleaning products
- local
- policy (ie require third-party certification like FSC, Energy Star, or WaterSense)
- green
A net-zero waste building is one that diverts ____% of its waste from the landfill.
100%
LEED does not require 100% diversion but should be pursued
What is the first step in controlling waste and diverting it from landfills?
Reducing the size of the building footprint.
MR Preqrequisite - Storage and Collection of Recyclables requires what to be supplied on the project? What are the three additional recycling options? (of which to use 2 of)
Supply a recyclable storage plan for regular recyclable items, including mixed paper, corrugated cardboard, glass, plastics, and metals.
The additional options are batteries, e-waste, or mercury-containing lamps.
What time interval is recommended to conduct waste stream audits?
yearly or twice yearly.
MR Prerequisite - Construction and Demolition Waste Planning requires all project team to creat a construction and demo waste ______ . It needs to identify a minimum of ____ materials targeted for diversion.
management plan
five
MR Credit - Construction and Demolition Waste Management awards ____ to ____ points for recycling ___ to ____% of construction waste from a project with ____ to _____ material streams.
1 to 2 points
50 to 75%
3 to 4
material stream
the flow of materials coming from a job site into markets for building materials.
What is a reliable tool that can be used for tracking waste diversion?
waste hauler tickets
