enzymes/proteins Flashcards
what is an enzyme
biological catayst
who do enyzmes do
they speed up chemical reactions and remain unchanged by the process
what are enzymes made of
proteins
describe the shape of an enzymes active site
the shape of an enzymes active site is complimentary to one specific substrate
what are some uses for enzymes in industry
biological detergents, rennet for making cheese
what is an enzymes optimum
an enzymes optimum is when it is most active
describe what happens to an enzyme when it is denatured and how it becomes denatured
an enzyme can become denatured when exposed to very high temperature or extreme pH level. The active site will become deformed so it looses its complimentary fit to its substrate.
describe temperatures relationship with enzyme activity
low temperature = low enzyme activity
temperature increases=enzyme activity increases
optimum temperature=most active
increases above optimum=enzyme activity decreases
very high temperature=denatured
(same with pH)
what is a degredation reaction
a reaction which involves a larger substrate being broken down into smaller products
what is a synthesis reaction
a synthesis reaction is a reaction involving smaller substrates being built up into a larger product.
catalse does what
hydrogen peroxide + catalase –> oxygen + water
degredation
amylase does what
starch + amylase –> maltose
degredation
SAM
phosphorylase does what
glucose-1-phosphate + phosphorylase –> starch
synthesis
what are the roles of proteins
structural proteins acts as enzymes acts as hormones active transport acts as hormone receptors acts as antigenic markers
what does enzyme action entail?
- enzymes act on substrate(s) and change them into product(s)
- enzymes are specific, can only catalyse 1 reaction with 1 substrate/set of substrates
- shape of enzymes active site is complimentary to the shape of its substrate(s)
