Enzymes and Other Important Proteins Flashcards
Highly selective (very specific) organic catalysts produced by living organisms
Enzymes
t/f: Enzymes bind to reactants (inhibitors) and convert them to products
false. reactants are SUBSTRATES
t/f: Enzymes are recyclable
true. they return to their original form and state, once the reaction is completed
enzymes exert their catalytic reactions by _________ the activation energy of a reaction
LOWERING the activation energy
enzymes act best between ___ and ___
35 C and 40 C
enzymes are denatured over _______ and in moisture by formaldehyde and iodine
65 C
t/f enzymes has negligible activity at 0 C
true
class of enzymes based on type of reaction catalyzed
OTHLIL
class that cleave molecules thru hydrolysis (breaking bonds in presence of water)
Hydrolase
class that catalyze REDOX reactions
Oxidoreductases
class that transfer chemical or functional groups from one substance to another
Transferases
class that split molecules or remove a group from the substrate without hydrolysis, leaving double bonds in molecular structure of the product
Lyase
enzymes under Hydrolases (PEG)
Peptidases, Esterases, Glycosidases
complete enzyme
Holoenzyme
incomplete enzyme, completed with addition of cofactors
Apoenzyme
vitamins
Organic
Carbohydrases or Amylolytic Enzymes
DA-IS-M
Z-E-My
Found in digestive tract of animals
(animal diastases)
Diastase and Amylase
Salivary diastase / ptyalin;
pancreatic diastase / amylopsin
Diastase and Amylase
converts starch to maltose
Maltodiastase
Found in yeast, intestinal juices
Invertase or Sucrase, Maltase
converts sucrose to glucose + fructose
Invertase or Sucrase
Converts monosaccharide to alcohol + CO2
Zymase
Fermenting enzyme
Zymase
- Converts amygdalin to benzaldehyde + glucose + HCN
- Converts salicin to saligenin + glucose
Emulsin (Under cyanogenic and alcoholic glycosides)
Maltose to glucose
Maltase
Found in mustard
Myrosin (under isothiocyanate glycosides)
Found in amygdalin
Emulsin (Under cyanogenic and alcoholic glycosides)
Converts sinalbin and sinigrin
Myrosin (under isothiocyanate glycosides)
Esterases
LPSU
Lipolytic enzyme found in pancreatic juice
Lipase
Fat to glycerin + FA
Lipase
pectin to pectic acid + methanol
Pectase
Digests dietary fat
Steapsin