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Biology 12 > Enzymes and Homeostasis > Flashcards

Enzymes and Homeostasis Flashcards

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1
Q

In an enzyme catalyzed reaction, reaction rate will continue to increase with the addition of more substrate until all and I’m active sites are?

A

Saturated

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2
Q

Components of the body which takes temperature changes

A

Thermoreceptors

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3
Q

The enzyme Maltase composes what sugar

A

maltose

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4
Q

The enzyme catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

A

Catalase

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5
Q

If your body temperature drops below normal, your brain may direct your body to start involuntary muscle contractions which make you start to

A

Shiver

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6
Q

Opponents of the body which to check light

A

Photo receptors

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7
Q

What Glands secrete hormones directly into the blood

A

Endocrine

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8
Q

What gland secrete hormones in the ducts

A

Exocrine

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9
Q

The idea that active site modifies it shape as it forms see enzyme substrate complex

A

Induced it

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10
Q

Every enzyme has what optimal that will work in The Body

A

PH

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11
Q

In order to function properly, enzymes require an additional substance called a _______ Which are typically in organic ions of metal

A

Cofactors

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12
Q

Enzymes are said to be ______ because each enzyme catalyzed is only one type of reaction

A

Specific

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13
Q

Enzyme activity can be reduced when temperatures become too _______ This situation can be reversed

A

Cold

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14
Q

A biological catalyst is called

A

Enzyme

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15
Q

A word used to describe a substance which will combined with the active site of an enzyme during a reaction

A

Substrates

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16
Q

Maintaining the internal environment of the body at Equilibrium

A

Homeostasis

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17
Q

The model that considers a substrate and active site to be a perfect fit for each other

A

Lock and key

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18
Q

The protein portion of an enzyme is called the

A

Apoenzyme

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19
Q

Components of the body which detect changes in blood pressure

A

Pressuro Receptors

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20
Q

Blood pressure, blood pH and glucose levels are all part of what form of feedback system when the Correction of the level which is out of range leads to slowing or seizing of the correction measure

A

Negative

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21
Q

What energy is the amount of energy that is required to get a chemical reaction started

A

Activation energy

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22
Q

This word refers to a combination of all the chemical reactions that are occurring within an organism

A

Metabolism

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23
Q

Metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone thyroxine which is produced by what gland

A

Thyroid gland

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24
Q

Are organic, but Non-protein substance which place is a role in forming a function enzyme

A

Co enzyme

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25
Q

In order to cool your body down blood vessels near the surface of the skin well

A

Dialate

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26
Q

What feedback systems are very rare in humans but are present in situations like childbirth and breast-feeding

A

Positive feedback

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27
Q

All enzymes names and in the suffix

A

Ase

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28
Q

This element is required for the production of thyroxine

A

Iodine

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29
Q

Increasing this factor will increase the rate of a chemical reaction

A

Surface area

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30
Q

The receptors for regulating Body temperature are located in the part of the brain

A

Hypothalamus

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31
Q

The word is what happens to protein when it’s shape is changed by being supposed to heat or chemicals

A

Denature

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32
Q

All the body sensory receptors are connected to the

A

Nervous system

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33
Q

Enzyme activity can be greatly reduced when temperatures get to ______ This situation is irreversible

A

Hot

34
Q

This enlargement of the throat can occur due to either hyper thyroidism or hyperthyroidism

A

Goiter

35
Q

Lipid based hormones are composed of

A

Steroids

36
Q

The portion of an enzyme that binds with this substrate

A

Active site

37
Q

Solution with a higher _______ the will provide a faster reaction rate than a solution with one that is lower

A

Concentration

38
Q

A factor affecting the rate of a chemical reaction

A

Temperature

39
Q

The term metabolic refers to a sequence of enzyme catalyze reactions linked together

A

Metabolic Pathways

40
Q

When the product of an enzyme catalyzed reaction binds to the _______ Cite the enzyme, it causes a change to the shape of the active site in the inside becomes temporarily

A

Allosteric site

41
Q

This occurs to connect a situation when a receptor detects the conditions in the body are out of the normal range

A

Adaptive response

42
Q

The negative feedback is when the increase in the product of an enzyme catalyzed Reaction causes the radio that reaction to slow by inhibiting associated enzyme

A

Inhibition

43
Q

Components of the body which detects chemical changes

A

Chemoreceptors

44
Q

These like mercury and lead can cause intrusion of an

A

Heavy metals

45
Q

What type of Hormone is insulin

A

Protein hormone

46
Q

These are chemical messengers which helps cells communicate with each other

A

Hormones

47
Q

Organic nonprotein cofactors are often derived from these substances

A

Vitamins

48
Q

This increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy

A

Catalyze

49
Q

Factor affecting the rate of a chemical reaction

A

Temperature

50
Q

These are inhibitors that permanently behind the active site of an enzyme, rendering them in active

A

Poison

51
Q

Holoenzyme

A

a biochemically active compound formed by the combination of an enzyme with a coenzyme.

52
Q

Stimulus

A

a thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.

53
Q

Receptors

A

Receptors are proteins, usually cell surface receptors, which bind to ligands and cause responses in the immune system

54
Q

Adaptive response

A

changes in brain activity that are designed to maintain homeostasis and performance where possible.

55
Q

Peptide hormone

A

are hormones whose molecules are peptides or proteins, respectively

56
Q

Steroid hormone

A

A steroid hormone is a steroid that acts as a hormone. Steroid hormones can be grouped into two classes: corticosteroids and sex steroids.

57
Q

Pituitary gland

A

The pituitary gland is a small pea-sized gland that plays a major role in regulating vital body functions and general wellbeing.

58
Q

Four factors which affect the rate of a chemical reaction

A

Reactant concentration, the physical state of the reactants, and surface area, temperature, and the presence of a catalyst

59
Q

The different components and regions of an enzyme

A

Cofactor, coenzyme, apoenzyme, holoenzyme, allosteric site, allosteric inhibitor, competitive inhibitor, substrate

60
Q

The role of enzymes in a metabolic pathway

A

Enzymes in chemical reactions have the power to break down, build up, or stop a chemical reaction.

61
Q

differentiate between the lock and Key and induced fit model of enzyme action

A

The lock-and-key model portrays an enzyme as conformationally rigid and able to bond only to substrates that exactly fit the active site. The induced fit model portrays the enzyme structure as more flexible and is complementary to the substrate only after the substrate is bound.

62
Q

How does negative feedback inhibition affect an enzyme catalyzed reaction

A

slows down or stops the enzyme’s activity so that little or no new end product is produced

64
Q

What’s the difference between a coenzyme in a cofactor

A

A coenzyme is a vitamin and a cofactor is a metal ion

65
Q

What’s the hormone in pregnancy

A

Oxytocin

66
Q

In metabolic pathways what our products and what are reactants

A

A and B are reactants and C and D are products

67
Q

What are in cells to make proteins

A

Ribosomes, Nucleus, Golgi apparatus

68
Q

What Causes an enzyme to denature

A

Heavy metals, high or low pH, hot temperature

69
Q

What is important enzymes

A

tertiary

70
Q

What is metabolic

A

The rate mitochondria is making ATP

71
Q

Where is low pH found

A

The stomach

72
Q

Where is alkalinity. Found

A

Small intestine

73
Q

Enzymes together are called

A

Enzyme substrate complex

74
Q

If you stay the same or constant you have work for my feedback

A

negative feedback

75
Q

What are the two glands in thyroxine and what do they do

A

There’s two paternity glands and they tell the thyroid to start making more thyroxine

76
Q

If you have a reaction where things are being put together is called

A

Synthesis

77
Q

Do you have things breaking apart it’s called

A

Hydrolysis

78
Q

What hormones can’t go Through the cell membrane

A

Protein hormones

79
Q

What hormones can cause right through the Cell membrane

A

Steroid hormone

80
Q

Why do enzymes make reaction happen faster

A

Enzymes are biological catalysts. Catalysts lower the activation energy for reactions.

81
Q

What does cyanide stop you from doing

A

Large doses of cyanide prevent cells from using oxygen and eventually these cells die

Biology 12 (7 decks)

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