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Biology 12 > Cell Membrane > Flashcards

Cell Membrane Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the different kinds of the cell membrane

A

Junction, Enzymes, transport, recognition, transduction and archorage

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2
Q

Difference between hypertonicity, hypertonicity and Isotonicity

A

Lower, higher, the same

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3
Q

The difference between facilitated an active transport

A

The difference is an active transport need energy while facilitated diffusion does not need energy (ATP)

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4
Q

What are the different types of endocytosis

A

Caveolae, Micropinocytosis, receptor-mediated, and phagocytosis

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5
Q

The cell membrane protein junction

A

Serve to connect and join two cells together

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6
Q

Cell membrane proteins enzyme

A

Fixing So membrane localizes metabolic pathways

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7
Q

The cell membrane protein transport

A

Responsible for facilitated diffusion and active transport

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8
Q

The Cell membrane proteins recognition

A

May function as my first for cellular identification

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9
Q

The cell membrane proteins anchorage

A

Attachment points cytoskeleton and extracellular membrane

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10
Q

The cell membrane protein transduction

A

Functions as receptors for peptide hormones

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11
Q

Caveolae

A

special type of lipid raft, are small (50–100 nanometer) invaginations of the plasma membrane in many vertebrate cell types, especially in endothelial cells, adipocytes and embryonic notochord cells.

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12
Q

Micropinocytosis

A

The incorporation of Macromolecules or other chemical substances into cells by membrane invagination and pinching off relatively minute vesicles

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13
Q

Fluid Mosaic model

A

The structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic a components including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins and carbohydrates that gives membrane of fluid character the persons of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in the plasma vary with the Cell type!

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14
Q

Glycolipid

A

Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic (covalent) bond

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15
Q

Glycoprotein

A

Proteins which contain oligosaccharide change covalently attached to amino acid side chains.

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16
Q

Cell recognition proteins

A

Proteins that are in bedded in the cellular membrane that allows cells to communicate with each other

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17
Q

Receptor proteins

A

Proteins which allows cells to attach to other cells to allow cell communication

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18
Q

Enzymatic proteins

A

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They can make the reaction happen 1 million times faster. They do this by lowering some energies and raising the ground state energy

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19
Q

Concentration gradient

A

A concentration gradient occurs when the concentration of particles is higher in one area than another, In passive transport

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20
Q

A cell placed in an isotonic solution will

A

Undergo no change

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21
Q

A cell in a hypotonic solution will

A

Swell (potential lysis)

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22
Q

A Cell in a hypertonic solution will

A

Shrivel (crenation)

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23
Q

Which of the following include ATP is it diffusion, facilitated transport, osmosis, Active transport, bulk transport

A 
Active transport and 
bulk transport (endocytosis and exocytosis)
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24
Q

What requires a protein channel or a carrier

A

Active transport and facilitated transport

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25
Q

What requires a vesicle

A

Bulk transport (endocytosis and exocytosis)

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26
Q

What substances can move against Concentration gradient

A

Active transport, bulk transport (endocytosis and exocytosis)

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27
Q

A process moves the largest size substances

A

Phagocytosis

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28
Q

What model is used to describe the Structure of the cell membrane

A

Fluid mosaic

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29
Q

What Form of transport via proteins requires no energy input

A

Facilitated transport

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30
Q

What gland requires the active transport of iodine out of the blood and until it cells

A

The thyroid gland

31
Q

A membrane is said to be ______ If it lets some things pass or it but does not let all things pass through

A

Selectively permeable

32
Q

The movement of a vacuole outside of the cell

A

Exocytosis

33
Q

A homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another

A

Solution

34
Q

What type of endocytosis has larger substances brought into the cell by forming that cools at the cell membrane

A

Phagocytosis

35
Q

What endocytosis occurs when a substance binds to a receptor protein and causes another substance to be taken in to the via vesicle formation

A

Receptor mediated

36
Q

Carrier proteins are _________ meaning they only carry one type of particle

A

Specific

37
Q

A solution that is less concentrated when compared to another solution

A

Hypotonic

38
Q

The substance which does the dissolving in a solution

A

Solvent

39
Q

_____ sized molecules tend to produce a higher rate of diffusion

A

Smaller

40
Q

______ proteins cause a change to the cell membrane when I specifically shaped molecule binds is binding site

A

Carrier

41
Q

_______ Proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

A

Enzymatic

42
Q

The diffusion rate can be increased by the rising of

A

Temperature which in turn increases the speed at which particles are moving

43
Q

Active transport is able to move molecules _____ The concentration gradient

A

Against

44
Q

Turgor pressure is important to plant cells because of their cells start to lose turgor Start to

A

Wilt

45
Q

The substance that is being dissolved in a solution

A

Solute

46
Q

What pro team uses ATP to change shape to move molecules across the cell membrane

A

Carrier proteins

47
Q

A semi permeable membrane, This type of diffusion where water is the substance that is moving to equal concentration

A

Osmosis

48
Q

Water fearing molecules which do not mix well with charged are polar molecules

A

Hydrophobic molecules

49
Q

A solution that is the same concentration when compared to another solution, having equal amount of Tonicity

A

Isotonic

50
Q

Type of protein transport requires ATP as an energy source

A

Active transport

51
Q

The carbohydrate chain attached to a lipid molecules in the cell membrane

A

Glycolipids

52
Q

Water loving molecules which mix well with charge or polar molecules

A

Hydrophilic

53
Q

Rate of diffusion can be increased by increasing the

A

Concentration gradient

54
Q

This occurs when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane that only water is able to pass through the membrane The pressure that must be applied the solution side to stop fluid Movement when a semi permeable membrane separates a solution from pure water

A

Osmotic pressure

55
Q

Molecule in the energy currency of the cell

A

ATP

56
Q

Movement of molecules along a concentration gradient which Particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached

A

diffusion

57
Q

A carbohydrate chain attached to a protein in the cell membrane

A

Proteoglycan molecules

58
Q

When moving a molecules do not require additional energy put in it is called

A

Passive transport

59
Q

If a plant cell is placed in a Hypotonic solution an increase in the ________ Pressure will develop

A

Turgor

60
Q

A ______ protein allows a particular ion or molecule to pass through it with a concentration gradient and without the use of atp

A

Channel

61
Q

The movement of a vacuole into the cell

A

Endocytosis

62
Q

Form of endocytosis where smaller substances are brought into the south by forming vesicles at the cell membrane

A

Pinocytosis

63
Q

If a plant cell is placed in a Hydro tonic solution what may occur

A

Plasmo lysis

64
Q

If an animal cell is placed in a Hydro tonic solution what may occur

A

Crenation

65
Q

When an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution what may occur

A

Lysis

66
Q

Proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

A

Enzymatic

67
Q

When solutions on either side of a membrane are the same concentration there is _____ net movement of the water or solute across the membrane

A

No

68
Q

What protein only passes partway through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

A

Periferal

69
Q

A carbon hydrate chain attached to a proteins in the cell membrane

A

Glyco protein

70
Q

Refers to a solution that is more concentrated when compared to another solution

A

Hypertonic, A solution that contains more dissolved particles and exhibits excessive tone or tension

71
Q

what can go through the cell membrane and how?

A

The structure of the lipid bilayer allows small, uncharged substances such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, and hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, to pass through the cell membrane, down their concentration gradient, by simple diffusion.

72
Q

proteins are large and there for move in and out of the cell using?

A

bulk transport

73
Q

role of the cell membrane

A

The plasma membrane, or the cell membrane, provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell, and that membrane has several different functions. One is to transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell.

74
Q

what are the five different kinds of proteins?

A

Structural. The largest class of proteins are structural proteins. Storage. Storage proteins house critical elements that your cells need.

Hormonal. Hormonal proteins act as chemical messengers.

Enzyme. Enzymes serve as biological catalysts needed for chemical reactions.

Immunoglobulins.

Biology 12 (7 decks)

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