Cell Membrane Flashcards by Grace Baptiste

Describe the different kinds of the cell membrane

Junction, Enzymes, transport, recognition, transduction and archorage

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Difference between hypertonicity, hypertonicity and Isotonicity

Lower, higher, the same

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The difference between facilitated an active transport

The difference is an active transport need energy while facilitated diffusion does not need energy (ATP)

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What are the different types of endocytosis

Caveolae, Micropinocytosis, receptor-mediated, and phagocytosis

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The cell membrane protein junction

Serve to connect and join two cells together

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Cell membrane proteins enzyme

Fixing So membrane localizes metabolic pathways

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The cell membrane protein transport

Responsible for facilitated diffusion and active transport

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The Cell membrane proteins recognition

May function as my first for cellular identification

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The cell membrane proteins anchorage

Attachment points cytoskeleton and extracellular membrane

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The cell membrane protein transduction

Functions as receptors for peptide hormones

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Caveolae

special type of lipid raft, are small (50–100 nanometer) invaginations of the plasma membrane in many vertebrate cell types, especially in endothelial cells, adipocytes and embryonic notochord cells.

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Micropinocytosis

The incorporation of Macromolecules or other chemical substances into cells by membrane invagination and pinching off relatively minute vesicles

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Fluid Mosaic model

The structure of the plasma membrane as a mosaic a components including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins and carbohydrates that gives membrane of fluid character the persons of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in the plasma vary with the Cell type!

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Glycolipid

Glycolipids are lipids with a carbohydrate attached by a glycosidic (covalent) bond

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Glycoprotein

Proteins which contain oligosaccharide change covalently attached to amino acid side chains.

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Cell recognition proteins

Proteins that are in bedded in the cellular membrane that allows cells to communicate with each other

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Receptor proteins

Proteins which allows cells to attach to other cells to allow cell communication

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Enzymatic proteins

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They can make the reaction happen 1 million times faster. They do this by lowering some energies and raising the ground state energy

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Concentration gradient

A concentration gradient occurs when the concentration of particles is higher in one area than another, In passive transport

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A cell placed in an isotonic solution will

Undergo no change

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A cell in a hypotonic solution will

Swell (potential lysis)

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A Cell in a hypertonic solution will

Shrivel (crenation)

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Which of the following include ATP is it diffusion, facilitated transport, osmosis, Active transport, bulk transport

Active transport and 
bulk transport (endocytosis and exocytosis)

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What requires a protein channel or a carrier

Active transport and facilitated transport

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What requires a vesicle

Bulk transport (endocytosis and exocytosis)

What substances can move against Concentration gradient

Active transport, bulk transport (endocytosis and exocytosis)

A process moves the largest size substances

Phagocytosis

What model is used to describe the Structure of the cell membrane

Fluid mosaic

What Form of transport via proteins requires no energy input

Facilitated transport

What gland requires the active transport of iodine out of the blood and until it cells

The thyroid gland

A membrane is said to be ______ If it lets some things pass or it but does not let all things pass through

Selectively permeable

The movement of a vacuole outside of the cell

Exocytosis

A homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another

Solution

What type of endocytosis has larger substances brought into the cell by forming that cools at the cell membrane

Phagocytosis

What endocytosis occurs when a substance binds to a receptor protein and causes another substance to be taken in to the via vesicle formation

Receptor mediated

Carrier proteins are _________ meaning they only carry one type of particle

Specific

A solution that is less concentrated when compared to another solution

Hypotonic

The substance which does the dissolving in a solution

Solvent

_____ sized molecules tend to produce a higher rate of diffusion

Smaller

______ proteins cause a change to the cell membrane when I specifically shaped molecule binds is binding site

Carrier

_______ Proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

Enzymatic

The diffusion rate can be increased by the rising of

Temperature which in turn increases the speed at which particles are moving

Active transport is able to move molecules _____ The concentration gradient

Against

Turgor pressure is important to plant cells because of their cells start to lose turgor Start to

Wilt

The substance that is being dissolved in a solution

Solute

What pro team uses ATP to change shape to move molecules across the cell membrane

Carrier proteins

A semi permeable membrane, This type of diffusion where water is the substance that is moving to equal concentration

Osmosis

Water fearing molecules which do not mix well with charged are polar molecules

Hydrophobic molecules

A solution that is the same concentration when compared to another solution, having equal amount of Tonicity

Isotonic

Type of protein transport requires ATP as an energy source

Active transport

The carbohydrate chain attached to a lipid molecules in the cell membrane

Glycolipids

Water loving molecules which mix well with charge or polar molecules

Hydrophilic

Rate of diffusion can be increased by increasing the

Concentration gradient

This occurs when there is a concentration gradient across the membrane that only water is able to pass through the membrane The pressure that must be applied the solution side to stop fluid Movement when a semi permeable membrane separates a solution from pure water

Osmotic pressure

Molecule in the energy currency of the cell

ATP

Movement of molecules along a concentration gradient which Particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration until equilibrium is reached

diffusion

A carbohydrate chain attached to a protein in the cell membrane

Proteoglycan molecules

When moving a molecules do not require additional energy put in it is called

Passive transport

If a plant cell is placed in a Hypotonic solution an increase in the ________ Pressure will develop

Turgor

A ______ protein allows a particular ion or molecule to pass through it with a concentration gradient and without the use of atp

Channel

The movement of a vacuole into the cell

Endocytosis

Form of endocytosis where smaller substances are brought into the south by forming vesicles at the cell membrane

Pinocytosis

If a plant cell is placed in a Hydro tonic solution what may occur

Plasmo lysis

If an animal cell is placed in a Hydro tonic solution what may occur

Crenation

When an animal cell is placed in a hypotonic solution what may occur

Lysis

Proteins catalyze chemical reactions on the cell membrane

Enzymatic

When solutions on either side of a membrane are the same concentration there is _____ net movement of the water or solute across the membrane

What protein only passes partway through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane

Periferal

A carbon hydrate chain attached to a proteins in the cell membrane

Glyco protein

Refers to a solution that is more concentrated when compared to another solution

Hypertonic, A solution that contains more dissolved particles and exhibits excessive tone or tension

what can go through the cell membrane and how?

The structure of the lipid bilayer allows small, uncharged substances such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, and hydrophobic molecules such as lipids, to pass through the cell membrane, down their concentration gradient, by simple diffusion.

proteins are large and there for move in and out of the cell using?

bulk transport

role of the cell membrane

The plasma membrane, or the cell membrane, provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell, and that membrane has several different functions. One is to transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell.

what are the five different kinds of proteins?

Structural. The largest class of proteins are structural proteins. Storage. Storage proteins house critical elements that your cells need. Hormonal. Hormonal proteins act as chemical messengers. Enzyme. Enzymes serve as biological catalysts needed for chemical reactions. Immunoglobulins.