Enzymes Flashcards
What is a catalyst?
A substance which increases the speed of the reaction, without being changed or used up in the reaction.
What is the substrate in the reaction?
It is the molecule that is changed
What is the active site?
The part where is joins on to its substrate to catalyse the reaction.
What does the enzyme have to have to work?
The substrate has to fit into an active site. If the active site’s shape doesn’t match the substrate then the reaction will not be catalysed.
What can affect the rate of reaction?
Temperature, PH and substrate concentration?
How does substrate concentration affect the rate of the reaction?
The higher the substrate concentration the faster the reaction.
What is it called when the active site of an enzyme changes?
The enzyme is denatured
What is the enzyme called that breaks down carbohydrates?
Carbohydrases
What does carbohydrases breaks carbohydrates into?
Maltose and other sugars
What is the enzyme called that breaks down proteins?
Proteases
What does proteases break proteins into?
Amino acids
What is the enzyme called that breaks down lipids?
Lipases?
What does lipases make lipids into?
Glycerol and fatty acids
How are carbohydrates synthesised?
By joining together simple sugars
How are proteins made?
By joining amino acids together
