Enzymes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 models that create enzyme substrate complexes

A

Lock and key
Induced fit

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2
Q

Describe the lock and key model

A

Each enzyme has a specific active site which only one specific substrate will bind to
This forms a enzyme substrate complex

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3
Q

What is the limitation of the lock and key theory

A

It suggests the enzyme has a rigid structure, however it has been observed that molecules can bind and alter the shape of the enzyme

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4
Q

Describe the induced fit model

A

Proposes that the enzyme can slightly change its shape, it can be flexible and mould to fit the substrate - this is called a conformational change

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5
Q

What is a conformational change

A

A change of shape

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6
Q

What happens in the induced model once the enzyme has changed shape? What does this do?

A

It puts a strain on the substrate, this strain distorts a particular bond and lowers the activation energy needed to break the bond

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7
Q

What does an inhibitor do to enzymes

A

Stops them from working

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8
Q

What are the two types of inhibitors

A

Competitive and non competitive

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9
Q

What is a competitive inhibitor

A

An inhibitor which binds directly to the active site to stop and substrate from getting in preventing the enzyme from working

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10
Q

What is a non competitive inhibitor

A

Binds to an allosteric site which will change the shape of the active site so the substrate can no longer bond

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11
Q

What is an allosteric site

A

A place on the enzyme that isn’t the active site

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