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BPK 140 > Environment & Climate > Flashcards

Environment & Climate Flashcards

1
Q

Environmental Health

A

how humans have collectively interacted with the environment leading to ST & LT consequences

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2
Q

Environment

A

soil, air, water, minerals, organisms and nutrients covering the planet

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3
Q

Anthropocene

A

dawn of immense human impact on earth systems since the mid-1950s

Increasing population = limited resources

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4
Q

Fertility Rate

A

high in least developed countries (lack of planning resources)

Increasing Living Standards = reduced FR & IMR

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5
Q

Brundtland Report (1987)

A

explains the importance of global environment to human survival

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6
Q

Non-Renewable: Examples

A

oil, gas, coal, nuclear

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7
Q

How much % is Canada dependent on oil?

A

41%

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8
Q

Renewable: Examples

A

solar, wind, water, geothermal, biofuels

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9
Q

How much % is Canada dependent on renewable energy?

A

17%

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10
Q

Alternate Fuels: Example

A

ethanol

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11
Q

Greenhouse Effect & Global Warming

A

warming of earth due to CO2 and other gas build-up, which increases atmospheric temperature

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12
Q

Municipal Solid Waste

A

Biodegradability

Recycling

E-Waste

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13
Q

Hazardous Waste

A

nuclear, biological, chemical

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14
Q

Solid Waste Reduction

A

less packaging, recycled products, bottler-free, avoid plastic & EPS cups, 3 R’s, dispose e-waste properly

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15
Q

Air Pollution

A

photochemical smog (ozone pollution) + ozone thinning = weakened ozone

increases cancer risk and respiratory illness

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16
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

NOx + Sunlight = Ozone

Ground-level ozone is an irritant and primary component of smog

Respiratory illness (eg asthma, lung inflammation)

17
Q

Particulate Matter

A

ash, smoke, pollen, dust

Respiratory damage (asthma, bronchitis, allergies)

18
Q

Carbon Monoxide

A

colourless, odourless, and very poisonous

80 ppm can lead to 15% bodily O2 reduction and in traffic its 400 ppm

Links: headaches, impaired vision and manual dexterity, increased CVD risk, death

19
Q

Sulfur Oxides (Precursor Ozone)

A

component of acid rain and produced by engine exhaust

20
Q

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

A

fridge & AC coolants, foaming agent in insulation, propellant in aerosol sprays

destroys ozone and banned in Canada

21
Q

Indoor Air Pollution

A

smoking, asbestos, lead, mercury, mould, e-waste

22
Q

Air Quality Health Index (AQHI)

A

indicates whether air pollution levels pose a health concern

23
Q

Sources of Water Pollution

A

water delivery systems
domestic waste
industrial waste
agricultural waste
antibiotic waste
nanoplastics
biological (giardia)

24
Q

Is most water in Canada purified at water-treatment sites? Where is clean water needed in Canada?

A

Yes, but most indigenous communities require and in summer there is massive shortages.

25
Q

How many people globally have no access to safe water?

A

2.1 billion

26
Q

How many people globally lack basic sanitation?

A

4.5 billion

27
Q

Pesticides

A

sprayed, dusted, fogged, or dumped in the environment

Links: lung & bladder cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, chronic bronchitis, and CNS problems

28
Q

Asbestos

A

Links: asbestosis, mesothelioma lung cancer

29
Q

Lead

A

found in plumbing, vehicle emissions, tobacco smoke, lead pathway & crystals

Links: CNS damage, mental damage, reduced O2 transport, digestive problems, coma, death

30
Q

Mercury

A

coal-fueled power plants, mining, smelting

Contaminates water systems and organisms

Links: CNS, heart, kidney, digestive tract problems

31
Q

Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)

A

carcinogen linked with birth defects and immune system drug

32
Q

Trihalomethanes

A

synthetic chemical gormed when Cl in H2O reacts with natural organics

Links: liver, kidney, CNS, birth defects, and cancer

33
Q

3 Types of Radiation

A

Medical Use - x-rays are cumulative (no exposure is safe but generations are reducing emission amount)

Home & Workplace - radon, cellphones, microwaves, monitors, etc

Nuclear Weapons & Energy

34
Q

Tinnitus

A

permanent hearing loss from prolonged exposure to sounds greater than 80-85 decibels

35
Q

Light Pollution

A

occurs when too much artificial illumination enters night sky and reflects off of airborne water droplets and dust particles

Effects: disrupts sleep and melatonin production

36
Q

What can you do in response to environmental and health concerns?

A

Set an example
Educate
Research & Knowledge
Advocate
Build Networks/ Coalitions

BPK 140 (12 decks)

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