envi justice Flashcards
Brockington and Igo 2006 what area relatively low eviction
-america, pacific, Caribbean australia
Brockington and Igo 2006 when did most eviction occur?
before 1980
what more common type evition Brockington and Igo 2006
economic displacement and exclusion
schreckenberg et al 2016 what key component EJ frame work
-procedure
-recognition
-distribution
-enabling conditions
schreckenberg et al 2016 why is it important have a framwork for EJ?
-checklist ensure not missing something
-3 elements good quick reference
-easy translate minimum standard
schreckenberg et al 2016 elements recognition
recognise and respect:
-HR
- staturary and custimory property rights
-rights minority groups
-all actors
-no discrimination
schreckenberg et al 2016 components procedure EJ
-full and effective participation all relevant actors decision making
-clearly defined and agreed responsibility actors
-accountabilty actions
-access to justice
-transparency
-consent
schreckenberg et al 2016 components distribution EJ
-benefit present not compromise future
-benefits shared
-mtiigation costs com/IP
-ID and assessment costs , benefits ,risks, distribution, tradeof f
schreckenberg et al 2016 enabling conditions
-adaptive learning approach
-relevant actors awareness and capacity achieve recognition and participate effectively
-legal, political social recognition all pa gov types
tauli-corpuz et al 2018 issues with fortress conservation
-IP role protecting land
-killing
-loose livlihhod
loose cultural ID
-conflcit
tauli-corpuz et al 2018 how much coom invest in conservation
US$2 billion–4 billion per year on resource management and conservation
Tauli-corpez et al 2018 how to improve cons rights
-monitoring and grievance mechanism
-nationally accountable reparation mechanism cons measures
-United Nations Declaration
on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples centrally placed all measure cons and biod
-strengthen and promote right based approach cons
dawson et al 2017 how to better include equity in pa management
-base material distribution based standard indicator
-just look allocation land not adress precudure and recognition
-use local perception help come up solution
Dawson 2017 how to achieve equity goal in conservation
-goal must be forefront conservation management keep on adapting to achieve include continue dialogue
Mcdermott and schreckenberg 2009 are poor benefits from CF
-not necessarily
-befits generate community level more significant poor marginalized groups than those receive individual house hold
Mcdermott and schreckenberg 2009 how to ensure the poor benefit from CF
-endure safeguards and receive compensation
-must be targeted
-access to decision making
-access to land and forest products
-economic development must make sure equitable
-pursue equity and ecological goals at the same time
-provide cutral training and recouses those maange forest
zafra-callo et al 2019- how much progress has there been achi target 11 incorporating social equity into PAs
-currently strict PAs not enough mechanisms to ensure equity
zafra-callo et al 2019 WHAT is challanging but must have to achieve equity in PAs
-effective participation decision making
-transparent procedures
-acess justice conflict situations
-recongition rights and diversity local people
what conclusion zafra-callo et al 2019 to improve equity post-2020 biod framework
-need to create framwork to monitor equity PAs
-must ensure manage conflict and improve action equity PAs
kashwan 2017 why have right based approaches failed so far cons
economic interests states
kashwan 2017 how to improve rights based approach cons
-protection minimum set rights allow forest people persist
-cons need more approaches
-local solutions speciific region setting
-hold states to account cons must enter dialogue with rights movement
kashwan 2017 role of cons and rights
must take action to ensure locals given unbreakable set rights help ensure justice and cons
how science used in traditonal conservation
-sc=discouse detachment, separation, agenda categories expert k, external management, central political justification for cons effort including establishment and management pas
-sc. used basis cons
quote to show PAs =injustice martin 2020
pa tropic deeply unpopular with host com only possible power symmetries and framing of morality in term ‘common futures’ rather current rights or equality
what injustice occured manadagsca creation new pas to join national parks
-significant burdon local households
-stopped using forst
-cost proportionaly higher poorest household
-more 50% eligable not compensated
-no one fully compensated
how many people elible didn’t receive compensation creation PA madagasca
more 50%
how was compensation pas example local level elite capture
households that received compensation were easily accessible, relatively well of and food secure
what is major issue with compensation schemes
-only given once suffering begins
-cost start as soon as PA created take time alternative livelihood become profitable
why are carbon ofset bad
-locals don’t recieve fund (RED)
-allow people carry on lives
-don’t incentivize do good
-just moving problem to somewhere else
what EJ occured adivasis
India largest network PA - evict people , and restrict access
how values relate EJ
must look at what is deemed valuable
-who gets to decide these values
define EJ
fair treatment and meaningful involvement people in development, implementation and enforcement envi law regulations, policies
-equil protection and meaningful involvement people
define envi racisim
-envi policies, practices, directives differently affect, disadvantage indivdual groups, communities race and color
whats classic EJ
-local inequalties
-race, calss
-mall distribution envi externalities
-focus USA some international
whats emerging EJ focus
-acknowledgment envi inequality
-demand and consumption one part world= disproportionate envi burden distant region= unequal costs
-climate justice
-3 concept- procedure, recognition distribution
whats emerging EJ focus
-acknowledgment envi inequality
-demand and consumption one part world= disproportionate envi burden distant region= unequal costs
-climate justice
-3 concept- procedure, recognition distribution
define recogntion
acknowledge and accept legitimacy rights , cultures, institutions and k. system all stakeholder their interest capacities , power to join and influence
define procedure
inclusive and effective participation all relevant actors rules and decision making with accountability and transparency process
define enalbing condition
surrounding SE , political, institutional condition, context influence actor ability gain recognition and participate benefits
what are substansive rights
-life, property hea;th (need to live)
when HR substansive rights first intigrated cons
1972 stolkholm convention link hr and envi protection law
whats principle 1 stolkholm convention
the fundamental right to
freedom, equality and adequate conditions
of life, in an environment of a quality that
permits a life of dignity and well-being, and
[he] bears a solemn responsibility to protect
and improve the environment for present and
future generation
what are procedual rights
acess to info, participation, decision making acess justice
what was principle 10 rio decleration 1992
based in procedural rights- access to info, public participation, decision making, judical, administrative proceedings
-envi issues best-handled participation all concerned citizens all levels
how IP inluded COP 15
recognise
‘important role and contribution IP and local com custodian biod and partners’
‘rights, k , innovation worldview and values and practices IP with their free and prior informed consent , full and effective participation decision making
example rights being enshrined into international agreement cop15
article 14- hr approach must be followed
-have rights to healthy envi
what questions could ask when alalysing madagasca pa from EJ lens
1)who is being effected PA
2) how was park boundary demarked?
3)who bears cost
how to create just conservation
-safeguards protect local people
-must understand local injustic context larger SE conditions-
ens enables a holistic appreciation of the
implications of conservation; and a greater emphasis on recognition and effective procedural equity could ensure fairer distributive outcomes
whats just cons martin 2017
-must economic benefit locals
-benifit other social goal
farir procedure and recognition
not impose external values
tauli corpez 2018 why replace fortress cons with RBC
-bring justice IP, locals
-reduce conflict
-cost effective
-help climate action
example nature having right
bolivia - the law of right of mother earth 2019- right mother earth to life diversity water clean, restoration
why cons help rights
need cons ensure health and wellbeing com
