ENT EMERGENCIES Flashcards
nasal fracture should be reviewed in __ to __ days, and digital manipulation should be within __ weeks
5-7 days after event, < 3weeks
epistaxis management
pinch soft cartilaginous bit, nasal packing
if bleeding not contained consider arterial ligation (usually sphenopalatine), revere anticoags give tranexamic acid
why do CSF leaks occur
most commonly due to cribiform plate fracture
mx of nasal trauma
always check for nasal haematoma, ABCDE
pinna haeamtoma mx
drain, aspirate, head bandage, pressure dressing
give __ with an ear laceration
abx
temporal bone fracture s/s
battle sign*, check hearing due to TM/ ear canal damage, VII facial palsy, CSF leak
classification of temporal bone fracture
longitudinal, transverse, otic capsule involvement?
difference between longitudinal and transverse fracture
longitudinal: lateral blow, bleeding from External ear, conductive hearing loss
transverse: worse, frontal blows, can cross IAM, CSF leak
mx of sudden sensorineural hearing loss
steroids and intratmpanic mx
which FBs must you ALWAYS remove
button batteries
classification of neck trauma
zone1: from cricoid>clavicle
zone2: cricoid>hyoid
zone3: cricoid>skull base
mx of neck trauma
ABCDE, explore if signs of major bleed/airway crisis
deep neck space infection rundown
spread from other infection
sore throat, unwell- fever etc, limited neck movement, trismus
mx: IV abx, fluids
2 types of facial trauma
blow-out fracture, mid facial fracture
