ENT/Dermatology/Opthalmology/Haematology

Question 1

Identify cataract

Answer 1

Gradual

Haloes around lights

Question 2

Identify keratitis

Answer 2

Painful red eye

Gritty sensation

Question 3

Identify acute angle closure glaucoma

Answer 3

Severe pain and reduced vision
Halos around light
Dilated non-reacting pupil

Question 4

Treatment acute closure glaucoma

Answer 4

Laser peripheral iridiotomy

Question 5

Identify primary open angle glaucoma

Answer 5

Peripheral visual field loss

Disc cupping

Question 6

Treatment primary open angle glaucoma

Answer 6

1) Prostaglandin analogue eyedrop

2) Beta blocker, carbonic ahydrose inhibitor or sympathetic eye drops

Question 7

Identify central retinal artery occlusion

Answer 7

Sudden unilateral vision loss

Cherry red spot and pupillary defect

Question 8

Identify anterior uveritis

Answer 8

Painful red eye
Small pupils
Pus in chamber

Question 9

Identify age related macular degeneration

Answer 9

Gradual onset central visual loss

Question 10

Identify optic neuritis

Answer 10

Worse colour vision

Pupillary defect

Question 11

Identify retinal detachment

Answer 11

New floaters

Sudden painless progressive visual field loss - curtain

Question 12

Treatment ottitis external

Answer 12

1) Topical flucloxacillin and steroid

Question 13

Organism otittis media

Answer 13

Haemophilus influenza

Question 14

Treatment otittis media

Answer 14

1) Amoxicillin if <2y, systemically unwell or perforation

Question 15

Identify menieres

Answer 15

Recurrent vertigo lasting minutes to hours

Sensation of pressure

Question 16

Treatment menieres

Answer 16

Acute - prochlorperazine

Prevention - vestibular rehabillitation exercises

Question 17

Treatment sinusitis

Answer 17

Intranasal corticosteroids if >10d

Question 18

Identify viral labrynthitis

Answer 18

History bug

Vertigo and hearing loss

Question 19

Treatment viral labrinthitis

Answer 19

Prochlorperzine

Question 20

Microcytic anaemia

Answer 20

TAILS:

• thalasaemia
• anaemia of chronic disease
• iron deficiency
• lead poisoning
• siderblastic

Question 21

Normocytic anaemia

Answer 21

3As 2Cs:

• acute blood loss
• of chronic disease
• aplastic
• haemolytic anaemia

Question 22

Macrocytic anaemia

Answer 22

Megaloblastic:
- B12/folate

Normoblastic:

• alcohol
• liver disease
• reticulocytosis

Question 23

Identify haemochromatosis

Answer 23

Bronze skin
Liver disease
Erectile dysfunction

Question 24

Diagnose haemochromatosis

Answer 24

Transferrin saturation

Question 25

Haemophilia coagulation

Answer 25

Increased APTT, normal everything else

Question 26

Identify AML

Answer 26

Typically elderly | Bone marrrow failure - anaemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia

Question 27

Auer rods

Answer 27

AML

Question 28

t (15, 17)

Answer 28

AML

Question 29

Identify CML

Answer 29

Younger than AML Increased WCC Granulocytes at different stages development Splenomegaly

Question 30

t (9, 22)

Answer 30

CML

Question 31

Identify ALL

Answer 31

Children | Bone marrow failure - anaemia, neutropenia, throbocytopenia

Question 32

Identify CLL

Answer 32

Most common leukaemia in adults | Lymphocytosis

Question 33

Richters transformation

Answer 33

CLL to high grade lymphoma

Question 34

Reed sternberg cells

Answer 34

Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 35

Identify burkitts lymphoma

Answer 35

EBV, malaria and HIV Starry sky t (8, 14)

Question 36

Treatment polycythaemia

Answer 36

Aspirin for VTE prevention | Venesection

Question 37

Diagnose sickle cell

Answer 37

Haemoglobin electrophoresis

Question 38

Identify sequestrian crises

Answer 38

Sickling within organs Anaemia and increased reticulocyte count

Question 39

Identify aplastic crises

Answer 39

Infection with parovirus Anaemia and decreased reticulocyte count

Question 40

Identify G6PD deficiency

Answer 40

Neonatal jaundice Heinz bodies Spenomegaly

Question 41

Diagnose G6PD deficiency

Answer 41

G6PD enzyme assay 3 months after episode

Question 42

Identify hereditory spherocytosis

Answer 42

Neonatal jaundice and failure to thrive Splenomegaly Spherocytes

Question 43

Diagnose hereditory spherocytosis

Answer 43

EMA binding test

Question 44

Blood profile in vit K deficiency

Answer 44

Increased APTT and PT | Normal bleeding time

Question 45

Identify graft v host disease

Answer 45

Within 100d | Painful rash

Question 46

Blood profile in vWD

Answer 46

Prolong bleeding time | Rest normal, APTT maybe prolonged

Question 47

Anaphylaxis doses

Answer 47

6m to 6y - 150 micrograms 6y - 12y - 300micrograms >12y - 500 micrograms

Question 48

Eczema treatment

Answer 48

Maintanence - emolients | Flares - thicker emollients and topical steroids

Question 49

Treat infection in eczema

Answer 49

Flucloxacillin - staph aureus

Question 50

Treatment eczema herpeticum

Answer 50

IV aciclovir

Question 51

Treatment chronic plaque psoriasis

Answer 51

1) Topical potent corticosteroid and vit D analogue OD 4w 2) Vit D 2x 3) Corticosteroid 2x 4) Phototherapy or methotrexate - secondary care

Question 52

Treatment scalp psoriasis

Answer 52

1) Topical corticosteroid

Question 53

Treatment face or flexor psoriasis

Answer 53

1) Topical mild corticosteroid only 2w

Question 54

Treatment acne

Answer 54

1) Topical benzoyl peroxidase or retinoid 2) Doxycycline and benzoyl peroxidase/retinoid 3) Oran retinoid by specialist

Question 55

Acne long term topical antibiotic

Answer 55

High dose oral tetracyclines

Question 56

Most common melanoma

Answer 56

Superficial spreading

Question 57

Most aggresive melanoma

Answer 57

Nodular

Question 58

Melanoma in black people

Answer 58

Acral lentignous

Question 59

Scabies treatment

Answer 59

1) Permethin 5%