ENT

Question 1

What is otorrhoea

Answer 1

Discharge from here

Question 2

What is otalgia

Answer 2

Pain in ear

Question 3

What does pain when touching tragus suggest

Answer 3

Otitis externa

Question 4

6 cardinal signs of otology

Answer 4

Otorrhoea
Dizziness
Otalgia
Tinnitus
Hearing loss
Facial weakness

Question 5

What does pulsatile tinnitus suggest

Answer 5

Vascular cause

Question 6

What to always bear in mind when pt presents with facial weakness

Answer 6

Hearing problem

Question 7

2 main tests for ear pathology

Answer 7

Otoscopy

Tuning fork test

Question 8

What to always bear in mind when patient presents with ear pathology

Answer 8

Taste in mouth

Question 9

What is webbers test

Answer 9

Place tuning fork on the forehead of patient and ask if it is louder in one ear

Question 10

If hear webbers louder in right ear what are possible pathologies

Answer 10

Sensorineural in left

Conductive in right

Question 11

What would be normal Rinnes test

Answer 11

Hear louder on air conduction

Question 12

Signs of otitis media otoscopy

Answer 12

Enlarged ear drum
Colour change
Enlarged vessels

Question 13

Causes of otitis media

Answer 13

URTI viral

Bacteria

Question 14

Common history of otitis externa

Answer 14

Swimmer

Question 15

White findings on otology

Answer 15

Fungus infection with black spots in- common post otitis externa
Cholesteatoma- stratified squamous epithelium in ear

Question 16

Dangers of cholesteatoma

Answer 16

Can invade to local structures such as even brain

Question 17

Other signs of bells palsy other than droop

Answer 17

Dry eyes as supplies lacrimal gland

Taste loss at back of mouth

Question 18

What must be ruled out before bells palsy diagnosis

Answer 18

Lyme disease
Ear pathology- could be tumour around ear- otoscopy
MRI brain for tumour

Question 19

What is bells phenomena

Answer 19

When eyes are closed our eyes look up so in bells phenomena when eyes are closed with facial droop cant see eyes

Question 20

Nose history

Answer 20

Sneezing
Itching
Congestion
Rhinorrhoea
Hyposmia
Anosmia
Allergens
Pain
Bleeding
Related problems in ear

Question 21

What gives you pain associated with nose

Answer 21

Sinusitis

Cancer

Question 22

What to do in nose examination

Answer 22

Inspect the front and side of face
Palpate sinuses and nasal bones
Do anterior rhinoscopy

Question 23

Tool used to look up nose

Answer 23

Hold nostril open using thudicilums speculum

Can look up using otoscope

Question 24

What does midline lump that moves with swallowing indicate

Answer 24

Thyroid related

Question 25

What does lump that moves with sticking tongue out suggest but did move with swallowing

Answer 25

Thyroglossal cyst

Question 26

What does lump that doesnt move with sticking tongue out suggest but did move with swallowing

Answer 26

Thyroid enlaregment

Question 27

Where are thyroglossal cysts

Answer 27

Tongue or thyroid

Question 28

What are throglossal cysts caused by

Answer 28

Pathology of thyroid tongue development which leaves behind a persistent thyroglossal duct

Question 29

Complication of thyroglossal cyst

Answer 29

Infection

Question 30

What is feature of thyroglossal cyst

Answer 30

Transilluminable

Question 31

DDx of thyroglossal cyst

Answer 31

Chondroma

Dermoid cyst

Question 32

What to do when palpating thyroid

Answer 32

See if is regular enlargement- multinodular or uninodular