Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 3 Conditions > Dysphagia > Flashcards

Dysphagia Flashcards

1
Q

First thing to ask with dysphagia

A

If difficulty initiating- neuro

If feel get stuck- gastro causes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is word for painful swallowing

A

Odynophagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What normally causes odynophagia

A

Candidiasis

Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is globus

A

The feeling of having lump in throat without true dysphagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functional causes of high dysphagia

A 
Stroke
Parkinsons
MG
MS
MND
Inadequate saliva
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What could result in inadequate saliva production

A

Sjogrens

Anticholinergics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Structural causes of high dysphagia

A

Cancer

Pharyngeal pouch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Lower causes of functional dysphagia

A

Achalasia
CREST syndrome
Oesophagitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Luminal cause of low dysphagia

A

Foreign body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mural causes of low dysphagia

A

Cancer
Stricture
Oesophageal webs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Extrinsic causes of low dysphagia

A 
Mediastinal mass
Retrosternal goitre
Pancoast tumour
Aortic aneurysm
Pericardial effusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are progressive vs intermittent dysphagia symptoms indicative of

A

Progressive- cancer

Intermittent- functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does new onset dysphagia suggest

A

Structural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does chronic dysphagia suggest

A

Functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does dysphagia progression from solids to liquid suggest

A

Stricture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does dysphagia progression from liquid to solids suggest

A

Functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Absolute dysphagia

A

To everything including saliva
Foreign body
Stricture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Repeated absolute dysphagia

A

Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does choking right after eating suggest

A

Functional cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does a nocturnal cough suggest

A

Achalasia- when lying down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does a cough some time after eating suggest

A

Either a pharyngeal pouch
Food that was stuck at sphincter junction and has now aspirated- achalasia
GORD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does halitosis suggest

A

Zenckers diverticulum( pharyngeal pouch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is other word for pharyngeal pouch

A

Zenckers diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does gurgling after eating when trying to speak suggest

A

Zenckers diverticulum- could see bulge in neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does dysphonia with dysphagia suggest

A

Recurrent laryngeal involvement- extrinsic tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is dysphonia

A

Abnormal voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What does chest burn suggest

A

GORD predisposes to oesophageal cancer

40% achalasia patients present with this

28
Q

What does slow eating suggest about dysphagia

A

Functional

29
Q

What does tiredness after eating suggest

A

Functional

30
Q

What does extra effort needed to swallow suggest

A

Functional

31
Q

Why ask about rheum symptoms in dysphagia

A

CREST syndrome

32
Q

CREST syndrome sx

A 
Calcinosis
Raynauds phenomena
Eosophageal immobility
Sclerodactyly
Telengectasia
33
Q

Why is telengectasia important in abdo exam

A

CREST -> dysphagia

34
Q

Medical conditions to ask about in history dysphagia and why

A

Peptic ulcer- lead to scarring and strictures at junction
GORD- predisposes to oesophageal cancer, could have had due to hiatus hernia which would mean had fundoplication of lower oesophageal sphincter leading to post op dysphagia as stitches too tight
MS and parkinsons may lead to it

35
Q

Drugs to ask about in dysphagia history

A

NSAIDS, steroids and bisphosphonates may lead to ulcers

CCB and nitrates can relax muscle of oesophagus

36
Q

What is name for oesophageal webs

A

Plummer vinson syndrome

37
Q

Cranial nerve pathology in dysphagia exam

A

Functional cause

38
Q

Virchows node in dysphagia exam

A

Cancer

39
Q

Hepatomegaly in dysphagia exam

A

Met to liver

40
Q

Neck mass in dysphagia exam

A

Goitre-> external compression

Pharyngeal pouch

41
Q

Koilonychia in dysphagia exam

A

Plummer vinson syndrome

42
Q

4 main investigations for dysphagia

A

Barium swallow
Endoscopy
Videofluoroscopy
Manometry

43
Q

Difference between barium swallow and barium meal

A

Swallow from upper to lower sphincter

Meal watches in stomach and duodenum too

44
Q

Indications of barium swallow

A

Suspected high lesion as in OGD this area gets intubated and also is risk of perf here
Achalasia

45
Q

When is endoscopy indicated

A

Lower lesion suspected

Much more sensitive

46
Q

When is videofluroscopy indicated

A

Functional high dysphagia

47
Q

Difference between videofluoroscopy and barium swallow

A

Videofluoroscopy given barium in liquid or semi solid form and therapist adjest swallowing technique

48
Q

When is manometry indicated

A

Other imaging inconclusive

Used to differentiate between functional causes

49
Q

How does achalasia appear on barium swallow

A

Birds beak

50
Q

On endoscopy how is barretts oesophagus described

A

Velvety epithelium

51
Q

What elective operation has highest mortality rate

A

Oesophagectomy

2/3 candidates deemed unfit due to advanced disease stage

52
Q

What investigations are used to stage oesophageal cancer

A

CT
PET
Endoscopic US
Laparascopy

53
Q

What happens to oesophagus in achalasia

A

Becomes dilated

54
Q

What is nutcracker dysphagia

A

Strong spasms when trying to eat- from hypertensive crises

55
Q

What is manometry used to differentiate achalasia from

A

Nut cracker syndrome

56
Q

Dysphagia with SOB

A

Tumour compressing oesophagus

57
Q

2 most common oesophagus cancers

A

Adenocarcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

58
Q

Risk factors for squamous cell carcninoma of the oesophagus

A 
Alcohol
Smoking
Achalasia
Plummer vinson
Coeliac
59
Q

Risk factors for adenocarcinoma

A

Barretts oesophagus

Smoking and alcohol

60
Q

What is plummer vinson syndrome

A

Dysphagia due to keratonised webs in the oesophagus associated with IDA

61
Q

What is danger of plummer vinson syndrome

A

Premalignant to cricopharyngeal cancer

62
Q

Risk factors for oesophageal cancer

A

Middle aged to elderly women

63
Q

What is aetiology of achalasia

A

Absence of ganglion cells within the myenteric plexus of oesophagus leading to failure of lower oesophageal sphincter and lower oesophagus

64
Q

Charcteristics of left recurrent laryngeal damage

A

Bovine cough

Hoarse voice

65
Q

How can the recurrent left laryngeal nerve be damaged in dysphagic patients

A

Infiltration from oesophageal malignancy
Mediastinal malignancy
Ortners syndrome

66
Q

What is Ortner syndrome

A

When the recurrent laryngeal nerve is compressed by the CVS system normally by left atria enlarged due to mitral stenosis

67
Q

How can oesophageal cancer present

A 
Dysphagia
Weight loss
GI reflux
Odynophagia
Dyspnoea

Year 3 Conditions (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions