ENT

Question 1

4 key Buzzwords Acute Otitis Media

Answer 1

Otalgia

Effusion

Bulging tympanic membrane without perforation or discharge

Upper airway infection

Question 2

3 key Buzzwords Nasal Polyps

Answer 2

nasal obstruction

loss of smell

nasal discharge

Question 3

2 buzzwords BPPV

Answer 3

Head position change

Very short episodes

Question 4

5 buzzwords otosclerosis

Answer 4

Conductive Hearing Loss

Stapes issue

Tinnitus

Progressive Deafness

Positive Schwartz’s Sign

Genetic history

Question 5

3 buzzwords Otitis Externa (swimmers ear)

Answer 5

Pruritus

Otorrhea

Tragal Tenderness

Question 6

Cholesteatoma 3 buzzwords

Answer 6

Squamous

Conductive

Foul smelling Otorrhea

Question 7

3 buzzwords bacterial rhinosinusitis

Answer 7

Purulent Nasal Discharge

Facial Pain/Pressure

Hyposmia/Anosmia

Question 8

3 buzzwords for Quinsy

Answer 8

Severe sore throat

Trismus -

Muffled voice - Often described as a “hot potato” voice

Question 9

3 buzzwords Thyroglossal Cyst

Answer 9

Midline neck mass (anterior triangle)

Moves with swallowing

Sistrunk procedure

Question 10

2 buzzwords Branchial cyst

Answer 10

Lateral neck mass Anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Second branchial arch origin

Question 11

Pleomorphic Adenoma: Which location + 2 histo findings?

Answer 11

parotid gland, Epithelial + myoepithelial cells

Question 12

pharyngitis, sore throat 3 key buzzwords :

Answer 12

Sore Throat - (when swallowing).

Viral Infection - Most common cause, such as the common cold.

Redness - Visible inflammation

Question 13

Tonsillitis 3 key buzzwords

Answer 13

Swollen Tonsils

White Patches

Fever

Question 14

Ramsay Hunt syndrome, three key buzzwords:

Answer 14

facial paralysis (cranial nerve VII)

vesicular rash (herpes zoster)

ear pain

Question 15

vestibular neuronitis 3 buzzwords

Answer 15

sudden isolated vertigo

Single episode long lasting (several days)

NO HEARING LOSS

Question 16

Acute viral labrynthitis 3 buzzwords

Answer 16

Deaf/Tittinus

Viral infection

vertigo (days-weeks)

Question 17

Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SSHL)

How sudden?

How quick it’s over?

Answer 17

Within 24 hours

Within 72 hours

Question 18

What disease profile is this ?

Answer 18

Normal ear

Question 19

Which disease

Answer 19

Otitis Media with Effusion

Question 20

Which disease

Answer 20

Acute Otitis Media

Question 21

Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD)

3 key buzzwords

Answer 21

Autophony (hear their own voice)

Barotrauma ETD often presents difficulties in equalizing ear pressure

Fullness or Pressure

Question 22

Ménière’s 3 buzzwords

Answer 22

Tinnitus

Aural Fullness

Episodic Vertigo

Question 23

Acoustic neuroma/ Vestibular schwannoma 3 buzzwords

Answer 23

Unilateral Hearing Loss

Tinnitus (tumour side)

Balance Problems

Question 24

NF1 (Neurofibromatosis Type 1)

3 buzzwords

Answer 24

Café-au-lait Spots

Neurofibromas

Lisch Nodules

Question 25

NF2 (Neurofibromatosis Type 2)

3 buzzwords

Answer 25

Bilateral Acoustic Neuromas

Ependymomas

Meningiomas

Question 26

Infectious mononucleosis (Glandular Fever)

2 buzzwords

Answer 26

1. Posterior Cervical Lymphadenopathy
2. EBV

Question 27

Main causes for :

otitis media

bacterial tonsillitis

otitis externa

Answer 27

Main causes for :

otitis media = Streptococcus pneumoniae

bacterial tonsillitis= Group A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes)

Otitis Externa= Pseudomonas aeruginosa AND Staphylococcus aureus

Question 28

cranial nerve A: hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus

cranial nerve B: absent corneal reflex

cranial nerve C: facial palsy

Answer 28

The vestibulocochlear nerve

cranial nerve VIII: hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus

The trigeminal nerve

cranial nerve V: absent corneal reflex

The facial nerve

cranial nerve VII: facial palsy

Question 29

Otitis Externa Treatment

Answer 29

Topical Antibiotics+ Topical steroids