Enivronmental and Nutritional, TBP

Question 1

2 most commonly encountered toxins

Answer 1

1) Tobacco smoke

2) Alcohol

Question 2

Phase of metabolism wherein there is the attachment of polar functional group

Answer 2

Phase I

Question 3

Phase of metabolism wherein there is conjugation of the substance

Answer 3

Phase II

Question 4

Components of cigarette smoke (6)

Answer 4

1) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
2) Arsenic
3) Nickel
4) CO
5) Hydrogen cyanide
6) Nicotine

Question 5

Toxic level of ethanol in naive users

Answer 5

0.3-0.4 mg/dL

Question 6

Toxic level of ethanol in tolerant users

Answer 6

0.7 mg/dL

Question 7

Complication of ethanol in the CNS

Answer 7

1) Thiamine deficiency (chronic alcoholism)

2) Alcohol withdrawal

Question 8

Presentations of thiamine deficiency (2)

Answer 8

1) Wernicke’s encephalopathy

2) Korsakoff syndrome

Question 9

Delirium tremens is associated with

Answer 9

Alcohol withdrawal

Question 10

Pharmacologic rreatment of alcohol withdrawal

Answer 10

Benzodiazepines

Question 11

Mechanisms of cocaine toxicity (2)

Answer 11

1) Blocks reuptake of dopamine

2) Blocks reuptake of epinephrine and NE

Question 12

Toxic substance found in paint

Answer 12

Lead

Question 13

Common complaint of children suffering from lead poisoning

Answer 13

Abdominal pain

Question 14

Clinical presentation of lead toxicity (3)

Answer 14

1) Microcytic hypochromic anemia with BASOPHILIC STIPPLING
2) Lead lines on the gingival and long bones on plain films
3) Saturnine gout

Question 15

Saturnine gout triad

Answer 15

1) Lead nephropathy
2) Gout
3) Hypertension

Question 16

A colourless gas with door of almonds

Answer 16

Cyanide

Question 17

Skin colour in cyanide poisoning due to impaired O2 extraction from Hgb

Answer 17

Cherry red

Question 18

Hgb has ___ times more affinity for CO than O2

Answer 18

200

Question 19

O2 BINDING: CO vs O2

Answer 19

CO

Question 20

CO poisoning is commonly seen in what conditions (2)

Answer 20

1) Enclosed exposure to automobile exhaust

2) Wintertime with home furnaces

Question 21

Classic presentation of CO poisoning

Answer 21

Cherry red skin

Question 22

REM, a measure of radiation, means

Answer 22

Roentgen-equivalent-man

Question 23

REM level that produces subclinical effects

Question 24

REM level with hematologic effects, predominantly with decreased neutrophils and lymphocytes

Answer 24

200-600

Question 25

REM level with GI effects

Answer 25

600-1000

Question 26

REM level with CNS effects

Answer 26

1000